The approximate vapor pressure curve of ethanol at 60 o C has to be determined. Concept Introduction: Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form. When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure. If intermolecular force is small the vapor pressure of the substance is high and the boiling point will be low.

Question

8. (a) Use the Clausius-Clapeyron equation and calculate the vapor pressure (mm Hg) of fluoroethane at -80 °C, given that the vapor pressure is 400. mm Hg at a temperature of -46 °C. The enthalpy of vaporization of fluoroethane is 23.0 kJ/mol. (b) Calculate the enthalpy of vaporization for a compound if its vapor pressure is 70 mm Hg at -50 °C and 323 mm Hg at -28 °C.

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 33GQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The approximate vapor pressure curve of ethanol at 60oC has to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.

When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.

If intermolecular force is small the vapor pressure of the substance is high and the boiling point will be low.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: It has to be identified whether CS2 or C2H5OH has the stronger intermolecular forces in the liquid state.

Concept Introduction:

Intermolecular force: The attractive force that withholds two molecules is called as intermolecular force. The influence of intermolecular forces depends on molar mass and the functional group present in the molecule.

Dipole-Dipole Interactions: The attractive force that holds two polar molecules with help of dipole moment present in them is called as Dipole-Dipole Interactions.

The partial positive charge end of one molecule is attracted to the partial negative charge of a neighboring molecule.

Induced Dipole - Induced Dipole Forces: The attractive force that holds two nonpolar molecules with help of temporary dipole moment present in them is called as induced dipole-induced dipole forces.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The temperature at which heptane have a vapor pressure of 500 mm Hg has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The approximate normal boiling points of each of the given substances have to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: It has to be identified whether the given substances are liquid, gas or a mixture of liquid and gas at a pressure of 400 mm Hg and at a temperature of 70°C

Concept Introduction:

Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.

When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.

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8. (a) Use the Clausius-Clapeyron equation and calculate the vapor pressure (mm Hg) of fluoroethane at -80 °C, given that the vapor pressure is 400. mm Hg at a temperature of -46 °C. The enthalpy of vaporization of fluoroethane is 23.0 kJ/mol. (b) Calculate the enthalpy of vaporization for a compound if its vapor pressure is 70 mm Hg at -50 °C and 323 mm Hg at -28 °C.

Methyl salicylate, C₈H₈O₃, the odorous constituent of oil of wintergreen, has a vapor pressure of 1.00 torr at 54.3°C and 10.0 torr at 95.3°C. (a) What is its vapor pressure at 25°C? (b) What is the minimum number of liters of air that must passover a sample of the compound at 25°C to vaporize 1.0 mg of it?

Liquid hexanol (C6H13OH) has a normal boiling point of 158 °C and liquid butanol (C4H,OH) has a normal boiling point of 118 °C. (a) In which of the two are the intermolecular forces the weakest? hexanol (b) Which of the two would you expect to have the highest surface tension at 25 °C? hexanol hexanol butanol

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 33GQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The approximate vapor pressure curve of ethanol at 60oC has to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.

When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.

If intermolecular force is small the vapor pressure of the substance is high and the boiling point will be low.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: It has to be identified whether CS2 or C2H5OH has the stronger intermolecular forces in the liquid state.

Concept Introduction:

Intermolecular force: The attractive force that withholds two molecules is called as intermolecular force. The influence of intermolecular forces depends on molar mass and the functional group present in the molecule.

Dipole-Dipole Interactions: The attractive force that holds two polar molecules with help of dipole moment present in them is called as Dipole-Dipole Interactions.

The partial positive charge end of one molecule is attracted to the partial negative charge of a neighboring molecule.

Induced Dipole - Induced Dipole Forces: The attractive force that holds two nonpolar molecules with help of temporary dipole moment present in them is called as induced dipole-induced dipole forces.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The temperature at which heptane have a vapor pressure of 500 mm Hg has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The approximate normal boiling points of each of the given substances have to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: It has to be identified whether the given substances are liquid, gas or a mixture of liquid and gas at a pressure of 400 mm Hg and at a temperature of 70°C

Concept Introduction:

Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.

When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 33GQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The approximate vapor pressure curve of ethanol at 60oC has to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.

When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.

If intermolecular force is small the vapor pressure of the substance is high and the boiling point will be low.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: It has to be identified whether CS2 or C2H5OH has the stronger intermolecular forces in the liquid state.

Concept Introduction:

Intermolecular force: The attractive force that withholds two molecules is called as intermolecular force. The influence of intermolecular forces depends on molar mass and the functional group present in the molecule.

Dipole-Dipole Interactions: The attractive force that holds two polar molecules with help of dipole moment present in them is called as Dipole-Dipole Interactions.

The partial positive charge end of one molecule is attracted to the partial negative charge of a neighboring molecule.

Induced Dipole - Induced Dipole Forces: The attractive force that holds two nonpolar molecules with help of temporary dipole moment present in them is called as induced dipole-induced dipole forces.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The temperature at which heptane have a vapor pressure of 500 mm Hg has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The approximate normal boiling points of each of the given substances have to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: It has to be identified whether the given substances are liquid, gas or a mixture of liquid and gas at a pressure of 400 mm Hg and at a temperature of 70°C

Concept Introduction:

Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.

When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 33GQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The approximate vapor pressure curve of ethanol at 60oC has to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.

When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.

If intermolecular force is small the vapor pressure of the substance is high and the boiling point will be low.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: It has to be identified whether CS2 or C2H5OH has the stronger intermolecular forces in the liquid state.

Concept Introduction:

Intermolecular force: The attractive force that withholds two molecules is called as intermolecular force. The influence of intermolecular forces depends on molar mass and the functional group present in the molecule.

Dipole-Dipole Interactions: The attractive force that holds two polar molecules with help of dipole moment present in them is called as Dipole-Dipole Interactions.

The partial positive charge end of one molecule is attracted to the partial negative charge of a neighboring molecule.

Induced Dipole - Induced Dipole Forces: The attractive force that holds two nonpolar molecules with help of temporary dipole moment present in them is called as induced dipole-induced dipole forces.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The temperature at which heptane have a vapor pressure of 500 mm Hg has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The approximate normal boiling points of each of the given substances have to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: It has to be identified whether the given substances are liquid, gas or a mixture of liquid and gas at a pressure of 400 mm Hg and at a temperature of 70°C

Concept Introduction:

Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.

When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 11, Problem 33GQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The approximate vapor pressure curve of ethanol at 60oC has to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.

When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.

If intermolecular force is small the vapor pressure of the substance is high and the boiling point will be low.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: It has to be identified whether CS2 or C2H5OH has the stronger intermolecular forces in the liquid state.

Concept Introduction:

Intermolecular force: The attractive force that withholds two molecules is called as intermolecular force. The influence of intermolecular forces depends on molar mass and the functional group present in the molecule.

Dipole-Dipole Interactions: The attractive force that holds two polar molecules with help of dipole moment present in them is called as Dipole-Dipole Interactions.

The partial positive charge end of one molecule is attracted to the partial negative charge of a neighboring molecule.

Induced Dipole - Induced Dipole Forces: The attractive force that holds two nonpolar molecules with help of temporary dipole moment present in them is called as induced dipole-induced dipole forces.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The temperature at which heptane have a vapor pressure of 500 mm Hg has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The approximate normal boiling points of each of the given substances have to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: It has to be identified whether the given substances are liquid, gas or a mixture of liquid and gas at a pressure of 400 mm Hg and at a temperature of 70°C

Concept Introduction:

Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.

When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.

Answer 6

Chapter 11, Problem 33GQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The approximate vapor pressure curve of ethanol at 60oC has to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.

When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.

If intermolecular force is small the vapor pressure of the substance is high and the boiling point will be low.

Answer 7

Chapter 11, Problem 33GQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The approximate vapor pressure curve of ethanol at 60oC has to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.

When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.

If intermolecular force is small the vapor pressure of the substance is high and the boiling point will be low.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: It has to be identified whether CS2 or C2H5OH has the stronger intermolecular forces in the liquid state.

Concept Introduction:

Intermolecular force: The attractive force that withholds two molecules is called as intermolecular force. The influence of intermolecular forces depends on molar mass and the functional group present in the molecule.

Dipole-Dipole Interactions: The attractive force that holds two polar molecules with help of dipole moment present in them is called as Dipole-Dipole Interactions.

The partial positive charge end of one molecule is attracted to the partial negative charge of a neighboring molecule.

Induced Dipole - Induced Dipole Forces: The attractive force that holds two nonpolar molecules with help of temporary dipole moment present in them is called as induced dipole-induced dipole forces.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: It has to be identified whether CS2 or C2H5OH has the stronger intermolecular forces in the liquid state.

Concept Introduction:

Intermolecular force: The attractive force that withholds two molecules is called as intermolecular force. The influence of intermolecular forces depends on molar mass and the functional group present in the molecule.

Dipole-Dipole Interactions: The attractive force that holds two polar molecules with help of dipole moment present in them is called as Dipole-Dipole Interactions.

The partial positive charge end of one molecule is attracted to the partial negative charge of a neighboring molecule.

Induced Dipole - Induced Dipole Forces: The attractive force that holds two nonpolar molecules with help of temporary dipole moment present in them is called as induced dipole-induced dipole forces.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The temperature at which heptane have a vapor pressure of 500 mm Hg has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The temperature at which heptane have a vapor pressure of 500 mm Hg has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The approximate normal boiling points of each of the given substances have to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The approximate normal boiling points of each of the given substances have to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: It has to be identified whether the given substances are liquid, gas or a mixture of liquid and gas at a pressure of 400 mm Hg and at a temperature of 70°C

Concept Introduction:

Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.

When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: It has to be identified whether the given substances are liquid, gas or a mixture of liquid and gas at a pressure of 400 mm Hg and at a temperature of 70°C

Concept Introduction:

Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.

When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.

Answer 16

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Ch. 11.2 - Which should have the more negative hydration...Ch. 11.3 - Using structural formulas, describe the hydrogen...Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 11.3CYU Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 11.4CYU Ch. 11.6 - The molar enthalpy of vaporization of methanol,...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 11.6CYU Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 1.1ACP Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 1.2ACP Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 2.1ACP Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 2.2ACP

Concept explainers

Interpretation: The approximate normal boiling points of each of the given substances have to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

Chapter 11 Solutions

Concept explainers

Interpretation: The approximate normal boiling points of each of the given substances have to be determined. Concept Introduction: Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.

Chapter 11 Solutions

Interpretation: The approximate normal boiling points of each of the given substances have to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.