EP VISUAL ANAT.+PHYS.-MOD.MASTER.A+P AC
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134509099
Author: Martini
Publisher: PEARSON CO
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Chapter 11, Problem 24CRQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: There are various types of channels present in the membrane of the neuron to induce membrane potential to action potential. The voltage-gated ion channel is one of the channels that open or close the channel according to the response of the membrane potential of the plasma membrane.
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Match each type of membrane potential (resting, threshold, graded, or action) to its definition:
a) The membrane potential at which voltage gated sodium channels open.
b) The membrane potential that triggers the action potential.
c) Change in membrane potential that may or may not reach threshold and that may be depolarizing or hyperpolarizing.
d) Rapid, strong depolarization followed by immediate repolarization. This potential is self-renewing if the right ion channels are nearby.
The resting membrane potential…A) Can be approximated using the Nernst equation.B) Is established by a difference in charges across the cell membrane, with the inside more positive than the outside.C) Has no influence on the driving force for flow of a particular ion across the cell membrane.D) Is more dependent on the passive flow of potassium vs. sodium ions through leak channels across the cell membrane.E) Stays the same during an action potential.
12) when K+ voltage-gated channels open, which of the following occurs?
a) depolarization
b) both depolarization and repolarization
c) repolarization
d) neither deolarization or repolarization
Chapter 11 Solutions
EP VISUAL ANAT.+PHYS.-MOD.MASTER.A+P AC
Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 1RCh. 11.1 - Prob. 2RCh. 11.1 - Prob. 3RCh. 11.1 - Prob. 4RCh. 11.1 - Prob. 5RCh. 11.1 - Prob. 6RCh. 11.1 - Prob. 7RCh. 11.1 - Prob. 8RCh. 11.1 - Prob. 9RCh. 11.1 - Prob. 10R
Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 11RCh. 11.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 11.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 11.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 11.1 - Prob. 4LOCh. 11.1 - Prob. 5LOCh. 11.1 - Prob. 1ICh. 11.1 - Prob. 2ICh. 11.1 - Prob. 3ICh. 11.1 - Prob. 1SRCh. 11.1 - Labeling: Label each of the structures in the...Ch. 11.1 - Labeling: Label each of the structures in the...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 4SRCh. 11.1 - Prob. 5SRCh. 11.1 - Prob. 6SRCh. 11.1 - Prob. 7SRCh. 11.1 - Prob. 8SRCh. 11.1 - Prob. 9SRCh. 11.1 - Prob. 10SRCh. 11.1 - Prob. 11SRCh. 11.1 - Prob. 12SRCh. 11.1 - Prob. 13SRCh. 11.1 - Prob. 14SRCh. 11.1 - Prob. 15SRCh. 11.1 - Prob. 16SRCh. 11.1 - Prob. 17SRCh. 11.1 - Prob. 18SRCh. 11.1 - Prob. 19SRCh. 11.1 - Prob. 20SRCh. 11.2 - Define membrane potential.
Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 2RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 3RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 4RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 5RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 6RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 7RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 8RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 9RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 10RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 11RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 12RCh. 11.2 - C. Compare the absolute refractory period with the...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 14RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 15RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 16RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 17RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 18RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 19RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 20RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 21RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 22RCh. 11.2 - Prob. 23RCh. 11.2 - Describe the general role of membrane potential...Ch. 11.2 - Explain how the resting membrane potential is...Ch. 11.2 - Describe the functions of gated ion channels with...Ch. 11.2 - Describe graded potentials.
Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 11.2 - Describe continuous propagation and saltatory...Ch. 11.2 - Describe the general structure of synapses in the...Ch. 11.2 - Discuss the significance of postsynaptic...Ch. 11.2 - Discuss the interactions that make information...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 1ICh. 11.2 - Prob. 2ICh. 11.2 - Prob. 3ICh. 11.2 - Vocabulary: Write the term for each of the...Ch. 11.2 - Vocabulary: Write the term for each of the...Ch. 11.2 - Vocabulary: Write the term for each of the...Ch. 11.2 - Vocabulary: Write the term for each of the...Ch. 11.2 - Vocabulary: Write the term for each of the...Ch. 11.2 - Vocabulary: Write the term for each of the...Ch. 11.2 - Vocabulary: Write the term for each of the...Ch. 11.2 - Vocabulary: Write the term for each of the...Ch. 11.2 - Short answer: For the following diagram of a...Ch. 11.2 - Section integration: Guillain-Barré (ghē-YAN...Ch. 11 - Prob. 1CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 2CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 3CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 4CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 5CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 6CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 7CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 8CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 9CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 10CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 11CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 12CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 13CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 14CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 15CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 16CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 17CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 18CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 19CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 20CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 21CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 22CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 23CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 24CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 25CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 26CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 27CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 28CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 29CRQCh. 11 - What three functional classes of neurons are found...Ch. 11 - Prob. 31CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 32CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 33CRQCh. 11 - Prob. 1CICh. 11 - Prob. 2CICh. 11 - Prob. 3CI
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- 3) Neurons cannot respond during the absolute refractory period because: a) the concentration gradients for Na+ and K+ are reversed. b) the cell is below its normal resting membrane potential. c) voltage-gated Na+ channel activation gates are closed. d) voltage-gated Na+ channel inactivation gates are closed.arrow_forwardThe differences in relative concentrations of ions inside and outside the cell act as an electrical force. The specific ion(s) MOST important to establishing the resting potential in neurons would be Multiple Choice a) Na+. b) K+. c) intracellular anions (e.g., proteins). d) H+. e) Na+, K+, and intracellular anions are all important.arrow_forwardNerve membrane hyperpolarization after an action potential a)Is the movement of membrane potential voltage below normal resting potential voltage. b) This Is mostly due to the slow-closing of K+ channels. c)Makes it more difficult to evoke another action potential. d) This Is mostly due to the slow-closing of Na+ channels.arrow_forward
- The resting membrane potential…A) Can be approximated using the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation.B) Represents a difference in charges across the cell membrane, resulting mostly from the passive flow of Na+ions.C) Has no influence on the driving force that acts on different ions across the cell membrane.D) Is equally dependent on the concentration gradients of potassium and sodium across the cell membrane.E) Becomes hyperpolarized during an excitatory graded potential.arrow_forwardThe primary difference between an EPSP and an IPSP is the a) overall speed b) degree of effect c) direction of membrane polarization d) ease of elicitationarrow_forwardA sodium channel in a nerve membrane a)Inactivation gate closes when the membrane reaches ~+30 mV. b)Opens and closes quickly. c)Activation gate opens when the membrane reaches threshold voltage. d)'Resets' when the membrane reaches resting potential .arrow_forward
- 8) The diffusion of K+ out of the cell makes the inside of the cell less positive, or more negative, and acts to restore the original resting membrane potential. This process is called: a) depolarization b) hyperpolarization c) repolarizationarrow_forwardThe extracellular sodium [Na+]0 is reduced in the saline bath. Following another current injection in a neuron, the membrane potential changes were recorded. a) Why has the membrane potential changed following the Na+ reduction? b) Why has the current injection produced no action potentials? c) How might you experimentally rescue action potential generation?arrow_forwardThe following graph represents a membrane potential recording in the dark, then during a brief flash of flight at the time indicated by the arrow. This could be a recording from a: a) rod cell b) bipolar cell c) ganglion cell d) any of the abovearrow_forward
- Which is the state of voltage gated channel when the membrane potential has changed from resting (-40mV) to +20mV? a)Closed state b)Open state c)İnactivated statearrow_forwardSuppose that in a certain neuron, negatively charged protein molecules found in the intracellular compartment were suddenly able to diffuse through the cell membrane freely. What would be the result on this cell's resting membrane potential and action potential threshold? A) The resting potential would hyperpolarize and the action potential threshold would not change. B) The resting potential would depolarize and the action potential threshold would decrease. C) The resting potential would depolarize and the action potential threshold would not change. D) The resting potential would hyperpolarize and the action potential threshold would increase.arrow_forwardThe following is a graph of membrane potential over time during an action potential. At which labeled point, A-D, would permeability to potassium (K+) be the greatest? A) B) C) D)arrow_forward
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