Chapter 11, Problem 20P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

State true or false for the following statement: Conformations have the same molecular formula and the same connectivity but differ in the three-dimensional arrangement of their atoms in space.

Concept Introduction:

Conformations are any three dimensional arrangement of atoms of a molecule arises due to rotation around the single bond.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

State true or false for the following statement:In all conformations of ethane, propane, butane, and higher alkanes, all C−C−C and H−C−H bond angles are approximately $109.5^{{\rm O}}$

Concept Introduction:

Conformers are spatial three dimensional arrangement of atom of a molecule in space.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

State true or false for the following statement: In a cyclohexane ring, if an axial bond is above the plane of the ring on a particular carbon, axial bonds on the two adjacent carbon are below the plane of the ring.

Concept Introduction:

Axial is a position on a chair conformation of cyclohexane ring. It is extended from the ring parallel to the imaginary axis of the ring.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

State true or false for the following statement:In a cyclohexane ring, if an equatorial bond is above the plane of the ring on a particular carbon, equatorial bonds on the two adjacent carbons are below the plane of the ring.

Concept Introduction:

In chair conformation of cyclohexane equatorial position extends form the ring almost perpendicular to the imaginary axis of the ring.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

State true or false for the following statement: The more stable chair conformation of a cyclohexane ring has more substituent group in equatorial positions.

Concept Introduction:

A six-membered ring is more stable when the maximum number of substituent groups is equatorial.