Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
In electrophilic addition of a Bronsted acid (hydrogen halide) to an
Step one of the mechanism is slow because it has a high-energy transition state, so it is the rate determining step. The rate of the reaction is determined by how fast the
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Chapter 11 Solutions
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- Why awe elementary reactions involving three or more reactants very uncommon?arrow_forwardHow would you express the rate of the chemical reaction AB based on the concentration of Reactant A? Howwould that rate compare with the reaction rate based onthe Product B?arrow_forwardThree first-order reactions have the following activation energies: (a) Which reaction is the fastest? (b) Which reaction has the largest half-life? (c) Which reaction has the largest rate?arrow_forward
- Reaction diagrams for two similar reactions (reaction A and reaction B) are shown below on the same set of axes. Which one is likely to have the higher rate constant? Explain how you know.arrow_forwardAnswer the following questions about the energy profile diagram below. Reaction Progress Number of elementary steps: Rate determining step: step Is the overall reaction exothermic or endothermic? Energyarrow_forwardConsider the following reaction mechanism: STEP 1 (SLOW): CH3Br CH3 + Br STEP 2 (FAST): CH3 + C CH3Cl How would the rate of this reaction change if the concentrations of the two reactants CH3Br and CI are doubled? The reaction rate would double The reaction rate would quadruple More information is needed to decide The reaction rate would not changearrow_forward
- When first step of reaction is reversible/ not rate determining then how you can calculate the rate of reaction?arrow_forward3. In a study of the reaction of compound A and compound B in solution, the following initial reaction rates were measured at 25°C [X] [Y] Rate (mol L-¹) 1.0 x 10- 3.0 x 10** 3.0 x 10- a. What is the rate law for this reaction? (mol L-¹) 1.0 x 10- 1.0 x 10- 2.0 x 10- b. What is the overall order for this reaction? c. What is the rate constant (k) for this reaction? (mol L¹ s¹) 3.0 x 10-* 9.0 x 10⁰ 3.6 x 10 d. If the initial [X]=1.5 x 10* M and [Y]=5.0 x 10°* M, what is the reaction rate?arrow_forwardStudy the following reaction energy diagram: energy reactants Then answer the following questions about the chemical reaction. Does this reaction release or absorb energy? How many transition states occur during this reaction? Could this be an elementary reaction? If you said this reaction could not be elementary, then how many steps are in its mechanism? If you said this reaction could not be elementary, then enter the number of the step in its mechanism which is rate- determining. For example, if the first step is the rate- determining step, enter "1" here. 0 products release absorb neither yes noarrow_forward
- Study the following reaction energy diagram: energy reactants Then answer the following questions about the chemical reaction. Does this reaction release or absorb energy? How many transition states occur during this reaction? Could this be an elementary reaction? If you said this reaction could not be elementary, then how many steps are in its mechanism? If you said this reaction could not be elementary, then enter the number of the step in its mechanism which is rate- determining. For example, if the first step is the rate- determining step, enter "1" here. П products release absorb neither yes noarrow_forwardWhich reaction mechanism energy diagram shows an endothermic reaction, with three elementary steps?arrow_forwardConsider the following reaction coordinate diagram. Energy (kJ) 50 45 40 30 20 15 10 5 0 Extent of reaction (a) Which is the rate-limiting step in this reaction?arrow_forward
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