(a)
Interpretation:
Consider the compounds,
Concept introduction:
Intermolecular forces are Van der Waals forces. They are weak and have threetypes viz., London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces and hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is relatively the strongest one.
- Intermolecular forces are the forces acting between molecules whereas Intramolecular forces are the forces that operate within a molecule.
- Hydrogen bonding is a special type of Dipole-dipole forces but stronger than the former.
- London dispersion forces exist in non-polar covalent compounds whereas dipole-dipole forces exist in polar covalent compounds but both are weak.
- Larger the molecular size, stronger the London dispersion force.
- Arrangement of major types of intermolecular forces in increasing order of strength:
There exist no deviations in this arrangement.
(a)
Explanation of Solution
Intermolecular force in each compound
In a 1-Pentanol, the intermolecular forces are London forces, dipole-dipole forces and hydrogen bonding, whereas only London forces are present in Hexane.
(b)
Interpretation:
Consider the compounds,
Concept introduction:
Intermolecular forces are Van der Waals forces. They are weak and have threetypes viz., London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces and hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is relatively the strongest one.
- Intermolecular forces are the forces acting between molecules whereas Intramolecular forces are the forces that operate within a molecule.
- Hydrogen bonding is a special type of Dipole-dipole forces but stronger than the former.
- London dispersion forces exist in non-polar covalent compounds whereas dipole-dipole forces exist in polar covalent compounds but both are weak.
- Larger the molecular size, stronger the London dispersion force.
- Arrangement of major types of intermolecular forces in increasing order of strength:
There exist no deviations in this arrangement.
(b)
Explanation of Solution
Boiling point increases with increasing intermolecular forces. Hence, 1-Pentanol has higher intermolecular forces and hence it has higher boiling point. Thus Hexane has low boiling point due to its low intermolecular forces. That is the boiling point would be
(c)
Interpretation:
Consider the compounds,
Concept introduction:
Intermolecular forces are Van der Waals forces. They are weak and have threetypes viz., London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces and hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is relatively the strongest one.
- Intermolecular forces are the forces acting between molecules whereas Intramolecular forces are the forces that operate within a molecule.
- Hydrogen bonding is a special type of Dipole-dipole forces but stronger than the former.
- London dispersion forces exist in non-polar covalent compounds whereas dipole-dipole forces exist in polar covalent compounds but both are weak.
- Larger the molecular size, stronger the London dispersion force.
- Arrangement of major types of intermolecular forces in increasing order of strength:
There exist no deviations in this arrangement.
(c)
Explanation of Solution
To assign: viscosities of each compound
Viscosity increases with increasing intermolecular forces. Hence, 1-Pentanol has higher intermolecular forces and viscosity of this compound should be
(d)
Interpretation:
Consider the compounds,
Concept introduction:
Intermolecular forces are Van der Waals forces. They are weak and have threetypes viz., London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces and hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is relatively the strongest one.
- Intermolecular forces are the forces acting between molecules whereas Intramolecular forces are the forces that operate within a molecule.
- Hydrogen bonding is a special type of Dipole-dipole forces but stronger than the former.
- London dispersion forces exist in non-polar covalent compounds whereas dipole-dipole forces exist in polar covalent compounds but both are weak.
- Larger the molecular size, stronger the London dispersion force.
- Arrangement of major types of intermolecular forces in increasing order of strength:
There exist no deviations in this arrangement.
(d)
Explanation of Solution
To identify: boiling point of
The compound
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 11 Solutions
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Course List)
- Name the following compounds. (a) FCH2CH2CH2OH (b) CH3CH2CH2NH2arrow_forwardComplete and balance the following combustion reactions. Assume that each hydrocarbon is converted completely to carbon dioxide and water. (a) Propane + O2 (b) Octane + O2 (c) Cyclohexane + O2 (d) 2-Methylpentane + O2arrow_forward4.2 What is an alkane?arrow_forward
- Classify each of the following hydrocarbons as alkanes, alkenes, or alkynes. (a) C12H24 (b) C7H12 (c) C13H28arrow_forwardWhat is the meaning of the term tertiary (3) when it is used to classify alcohols? Draw a structural formula for the one tertiary (3) alcohol with the molecular formula C4H10O.arrow_forwardHow many electron pairs are shared when a triple bond exists between two carbon atoms? What must he the geometric arrangement around the carbon atoms in a triple bond? Draw the Lewis structure of a simple molecule that contains a triple bond.arrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStaxGeneral, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,