Chapter 11, Problem 11.131QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The unusual properties of Water and how hydrogen bonding does explain these unusual properties has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Intermolecular forces are termed as the forces acting “between molecules” that is components of a substance.  Intramolecular forces are the forces that operate “within a molecule”.  The prefix “inter” mean “among” and “intra” mean “within”.

Arrangement of major types of intermolecular forces in increasing order of strength:

$\text{London}\text{dispersion}\text{forces}\text{<}\text{Dipole-dipole}\text{forces}\text{<}\text{Hydrogen}\text{bonding}$

• Hydrogen bonding: Hydrogen bonding is weak attractive force that occurs between hydrogen atom bounded to high electronegative atom such as Nitrogen, Oxygen or Fluorine and another adjacent atom having a lone pair of electrons.
• Hydrogen bonding in water molecule: Hydrogen bond involves a hydrogen atom of one water molecule bounded to a lone pair of electrons on Oxygen atom of another molecule of water.

  

  Figure.1