Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781337793612
Author: PECK, Roxy.
Publisher: Cengage Learning,
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Chapter 10.7, Problem 77E
a.
To determine
Explain the reason for not analyzing the data using a large-sample hypothesis test for a population proportion.
b.
To determine
Complete the hypothesis test using the output.
c.
To determine
Delineate how the result of the hypothesis test is possibly related to the spinal fusion patients, who needed to stop smoking before their surgeries.
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Data originally from DASL http://lib.stat.cmu.edu/DASL/Datafiles/CancerSurvival.html (Links to an external site.).
Some bronchial cancer patients had the following survival times (in days) after receiving a certain treatment: 20, 37, 63, 64, 72, 81, 138, 151, 155, 166, 166, 223, 245, 246, 450, 459. (The second instance of “166” is not a mistake.)
Do these numbers suggest that the average survival time, for all bronchial cancer patients who receive that treatment, is significantly different from 200 days?
CANCER SURVIVAL
Report an appropriate one-sample hypothesis test and use a 10% significance level.
For Step 5 of the six-step process that was taught in this class, which would be the appropriate procedure and why? Choose the correct option.
Group of answer choices
We would do a t-procedure because we have the standard deviation.
We would do a t-procedure because the sample size is large.
We would do a t-procedure because we do not have the population standard deviation and…
Chapter 10 Solutions
Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis
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- What is an experiment?arrow_forwardData originally from DASL http://lib.stat.cmu.edu/DASL/Datafiles/CancerSurvival.html (Links to an external site.). Some bronchial cancer patients had the following survival times (in days) after receiving a certain treatment: 20, 37, 63, 64, 72, 81, 138, 151, 155, 166, 166, 223, 245, 246, 450, 459. (The second instance of “166” is not a mistake.) Do these numbers suggest that the average survival time, for all bronchial cancer patients who receive that treatment, is significantly different from 200 days? CANCER SURVIVAL Report an appropriate one-sample hypothesis test and use a 10% significance level. For Step 4 of the six-step process that was taught in this class, choose the BEST option to complete the following sentence: We assume that the sample of subjects is a SRS and we assume that the population of observations has no outliers ... and is Normally distributed. and is without a doubt bell-shaped. and is Uniformly distributed. (nothing needs to go here because the sample…arrow_forwardData originally from DASL http://lib.stat.cmu.edu/DASL/Datafiles/CancerSurvival.html (Links to an external site.). Some bronchial cancer patients had the following survival times (in days) after receiving a certain treatment: 20, 37, 63, 64, 72, 81, 138, 151, 155, 166, 166, 223, 245, 246, 450, 459. (The second instance of “166” is not a mistake.) Do these numbers suggest that the average survival time, for all bronchial cancer patients who receive that treatment, is significantly different from 200 days? CANCER SURVIVAL Report an appropriate one-sample hypothesis test and use a 10% significance level. For Step 5 of the six-step process that was taught in this class, do the appropriate procedure on your calculator and then choose the correct P-value. Group of answer choices 0.195 0.377 0.805 0.609 0.391arrow_forward
- Data originally from DASL http://lib.stat.cmu.edu/DASL/Datafiles/CancerSurvival.html (Links to an external site.). Some bronchial cancer patients had the following survival times (in days) after receiving a certain treatment: 20, 37, 63, 64, 72, 81, 138, 151, 155, 166, 166, 223, 245, 246, 450, 459. (The second instance of “166” is not a mistake.) Do these numbers suggest that the average survival time, for all bronchial cancer patients who receive that treatment, is significantly different from 200 days? CANCER SURVIVAL Report an appropriate one-sample hypothesis test and use a 10% significance level. For Step 6 of the six-step process that was taught in this class, what would be the final conclusion? Group of answer choices The P-value is low so we cannot conclude that the average survival time is significantly different from 200 days. The P-value is not very low so we cannot conclude that the average survival time is significantly different from 200 days. The P-value is not…arrow_forwardIn a study conducted by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, a sample of 546 boys aged 6–11 was weighed, and it was determined that 87 of them were overweight. A sample of 508 girls aged 6–11 was also weighed, and 74 of them were overweight. Can you conclude that the proportion of boys who are overweight differs from the proportion of girls who are overweight? Please show calcularrow_forwardLeft ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular disease. A study is proposed to assess the relationship between childhood blood-pressure levels and LVM in children as determined from echocardiograms. The goal is to stratify children into a normal bp group (< 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and an elevated bp group (≥ 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and compare change in LVM between the two groups. Before this can be done, one needs to demonstrate that LVM actually changes in children over a 4-year period. To help plan the main study, a pilot study is conducted where echocardiograms are obtained from 10 random children from the Bogalusa Heart Study at baseline and after 4 years of follow-up. The data are given in Table 1 . Table 1 Pilot data on left ventricular mass (LVM) in children from the Bogalusa Heart Study ID Baseline LVM (g) 4- year LVM (g) Change (g)* 1 139 163 24 2 134 126 -8 3 86 142 56…arrow_forward
- Left ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular disease. A study is proposed to assess the relationship between childhood blood-pressure levels and LVM in children as determined from echocardiograms. The goal is to stratify children into a normal bp group (< 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and an elevated bp group (≥ 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and compare change in LVM between the two groups. Before this can be done, one needs to demonstrate that LVM actually changes in children over a 4-year period. To help plan the main study, a pilot study is conducted where echocardiograms are obtained from 10 random children from the Bogalusa Heart Study at baseline and after 4 years of follow-up. The data are given in Table 1 . Table 1 Pilot data on left ventricular mass (LVM) in children from the Bogalusa Heart Study ID Baseline LVM (g) 4- year LVM (g) Change (g)* 1 139 163 24 2 134 126 -8 3 86 142 56…arrow_forwardLeft ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular disease. A study is proposed to assess the relationship between childhood blood-pressure levels and LVM in children as determined from echocardiograms. The goal is to stratify children into a normal bp group (< 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and an elevated bp group (≥ 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and compare change in LVM between the two groups. Before this can be done, one needs to demonstrate that LVM actually changes in children over a 4-year period. To help plan the main study, a pilot study is conducted where echocardiograms are obtained from 10 random children from the Bogalusa Heart Study at baseline and after 4 years of follow-up. The data are given in Table 1 . Table 1 Pilot data on left ventricular mass (LVM) in children from the Bogalusa Heart Study ID Baseline LVM (g) 4- year LVM (g) Change (g)* 1 139 163 24 2 134 126 -8 3 86 142 56…arrow_forwardThe National Center for Health Statistics (NICH) published a report entitled Health, Pakistan, containing extensive information on major trends in the health of Pakistanis. Data are provided for the Pak population as a whole and for specific ages, sexes and races. The NICH report indicated that in 2012 Pakistanis paid an average of Rs.3,302 per month on health care and prescription drugs. An investigator hypothesizes that in 2015 expenditures have increases primarily due to the availability of generic drugs. To test the hypothesis, samples of 100 Pakistanis are selected and their expenditures on health care and prescription drugs in 2015 are measured. The sample data are summarized as follows: n=100, R =Rs3,390 and s=Rs890. Is there statistical evidence of increased in expenditures on health care and prescription drugs in 2015? Is the sample mean of Rs.3,390 evidence of a true increase in the mean or is it within chance fluctuation?arrow_forward
- Serum estradiol is an important risk factor for breast cancer in postmenopausal women. To better understand the etiology of breast cancer, serum-estradiol samples were collected from 25 premenopausal women (at about the same time period of the menstrual cycle) of whom 10 were Caucasian and 15 were African American. Data were collected on both serum estradiol as well as body mass index (BMI) = weight (kg)/height2 (m2), which is an important measure of overall obesity. The data are shown in Table 9.16. The distribution of serum estradiol is usually highly skewed (especially for premenopausal women), and we are reluctant to assume normality. HW Question: What test can we use to compare the distribution of serum estradiol for Caucasian vs. African American women? Implement the test and report a two-tailed p-value based on large sample methods Here's my approach and I'm not sure if this is correct. I am using the Wilcoxon rank sum test for this problem. Group 1 (African-American): n=15…arrow_forwardThe Journal of American Medical Association published a study that examined a sample of pregnancies that resulted in the birth of twins. Births were classified as preterm with intervention (induced labor or cesarean), preterm without such procedures, or term or post term. Researchers also classified the pregnancies by the level of prenatal care the mother received (inadequate, adequate or intensive.) The data is summarized below. Figures are in thousands of births. Is there evidence of an association between the durations of the pregnancy and the level of care received by the mother? Preterm with procedures Preterm without procedures Term or post term Total Intensive 18 15 28 61 Adequate 46 43 65 154 Inadequate 12 13 38 63 Total 76 71 131 278arrow_forwardLeft ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular disease. A study is proposed to assess the relationship between childhood blood-pressure levels and LVM in children as determined from echocardiograms. The goal is to stratify children into a normal bp group (< 80th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and an elevated bp group (≥ 90th percentile for their age, gender, and height) and compare change in LVM between the two groups. Before this can be done, one needs to demonstrate that LVM actually changes in children over a 4-year period. To help plan the main study, a pilot study is conducted where echocardiograms are obtained from 10 random children from the Bogalusa Heart Study at baseline and after 4 years of follow-up. The data are given in Table 9.18 (Note: These are the same data as in Table 8.27, p. 329). 9.68 What is the critical region at the 5% level? (i.e., for what values of the test statistic will we reject H0 at the 5% level?)…arrow_forward
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