University Physics Volume 3
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781938168185
Author: William Moebs, Jeff Sanny
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 60P
Calculate the energy output in each of the fusion reactions in the proton-proton chain, and verify the values determined in the preceding problem.
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Calculate the energy output in each of the fusion reactions in the proton-proton cycle, and verify the values given in the above summary.
For a fusion reaction, at which temperature T
do you expect the optimal reaction rate to
approximately occur?
In the expressions below EG is the Gamow
energy of the reaction and k is the Boltzmann
constant.
Select one:
O a. T
O b. T:
O c. T
d. T
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Oe. T
-
-
=
=
EG
100k
10EG
k
EG
10k
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100 EG
k
I-135 is a fission product that decays into Xe-135 in a reactor during operation. Write the Q value for this decay, and solve the decay equations starting with 10,000 atoms of I-135. Show the destruction of I-135 and creation of Xe-135 over a 48-hour period.
Chapter 10 Solutions
University Physics Volume 3
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- (a) Calculate the energy released in the neutron- induced fission n+238U96Sr+140Xe+3n , given m(96Sr)=95.921750uand m(140Xe)=139.92164 . This result is about 6 MeV greater than the result for spontaneous fission. Why? Confirm that the total number of nucleons and total charge are conserved in this reaction.arrow_forward(a) Calculate the energy released in the neutroninduced fission reaction n+235U92Kr+142Ba+2n, given m(92Kr)=91.926269 and m(142Ba)=141.916361u. (b) Confirm that the total number at nucleons and total charge are conserved in this reaction.arrow_forwardThe power output of the Sun is 41026W. (a) If 90% of this is supplied by the protonproton cycle, how many protons are consumed per second? (b) How many neutrinos per second should there be per square meter at the Earth from this process? This huge number is indicative of how rarely a neutrino interacts, since large detectors observe very few per day.arrow_forward
- Assume onefourth of the yield of a typical 320kT strategic bomb comes from fission reactions averaging 200 MeV and the remainder from fusion reactions averaging 20 MeV. (a) Calculate the number of fissions and the approximate mass of uranium and plutonium fissioned, taking the average atomic mass to be 238. (b) Find the number of fusions and calculate the approximate mass of fusion fuel, assuming an average total atomic mass of the two nuclei in each reaction to be 5. (c) Considering the masses found, does it seem reasonable that some missiles could carry 10 warheads? Discuss, noting that the nuclear fuel is only a part of the mass of a warhead.arrow_forward(a) Find the total energy released in MeV in each carbon cycle (elaborated in the above problem) including the annihilation energy. (b) How does this compare with the protonproton cycle output?arrow_forward(a) Calculate the energy released in the neutron- Induced fission reaction n+235U92Kr+142Ba+2n , given m(92Kr) = 91.926269 u and m(142Ba)= 141.916361 u. (b) Confirm that the total number of nucleons and total charge are conserved in this reaction.arrow_forward
- In considering potential fusion reactions, what is the advantage of the reaction 2H+3H4He+n over the reaction 2H+2H3He+n ?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is the correct daughter nucleus associated with the beta decay of 72184Hf? (a) 72183Hf (b) 73183Ta (c) 73184Taarrow_forwardData from the appendices and the periodic table may be needed for these problems. A 60Co source is labeled 4.00 mCi, but its present activity is found to be 1.85107Bq. (a) What is the present activity in mCi? (b) How long ago did it actually have a 4.00—mCi activity?arrow_forward
- Calculate the energy output in each of the fusion reactions in the protonproton cycle, and verify the values given in the above summary.arrow_forward(a) Calculate the energy released in the neutroninduced fission (similar to the spontaneous fission in Example 32.3) n+238U96Sr+140Xe+3n, given m(96Sr)=95.921750u and m(140Xe)=139.92164. (b) This result is about 6 MeV greater than the result for spontaneous fission. Why? (c) Con?rm that the total number at nucleons and total charge are conserved in this reaction.arrow_forwardThe cure of a nuclear reactor generates a large amount of thermal energy from the decay of fission products, even when the power-producing fission chain reaction is turned off. Would this residual heat be greatest after the reactor has run for a long time or short time? What if the reactor has been shut down for months?arrow_forward
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