(a) Interpretation: The molecular formula of lactic acid should be determined. Concept Introduction: The molecular formula of any molecule explains about the atoms present in it along with the numbers of atoms.

Question

Answer the questions in the table below about the shape of the methanone (H₂CO) molecule. How many electron groups are around the central carbon atom? Note: one "electron group" means one lone pair, one single bond, one double bond, or one triple bond. What phrase best describes the arrangement of these electron groups around the central carbon atom? (You may need to use the scrollbar to see all the choices.) (choose one) X S

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 49P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The molecular formula of lactic acid should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The molecular formula of any molecule explains about the atoms present in it along with the numbers of atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The functional groups in Lactic acid should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The functional groups are the atoms or groups of atom which undergoes some chemical transformation in organic molecules. These chemical transformations are very important part of organic compounds because of these functional units, organic compounds are divided.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The bond angles of carbon atoms of Lactic acid should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The bond angles are angles occurring in between the bonds forming atoms of molecules. This bond angles can be determined with the help of VSEPR model that shows the regions of electron density around the atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The polar and nonpolar bonds of lactic acid should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Polar bonds are bonds in which electronegativity difference of atoms is in range of 0.5 and 1.4. Nonpolar bonds are bonds with electronegativity difference of less than 0.5.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The polarity of lactic acid molecule should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.

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Answer the questions in the table below about the shape of the methanone (H₂CO) molecule. How many electron groups are around the central carbon atom? Note: one "electron group" means one lone pair, one single bond, one double bond, or one triple bond. What phrase best describes the arrangement of these electron groups around the central carbon atom? (You may need to use the scrollbar to see all the choices.) (choose one) X S

For each compound in the table below, decide whether there would be any hydrogen-bonding force between molecules of the compound, or between molecules of the compound and molecules of water. compound hydrogen-bonding force Between Between molecules of formula or Lewis the compound and molecules of water? name molecules of the structure compound? H :0: yes yes acetic acid н —с —с-о —н | no no H H yes yes methanimine H – c=N– H no no yes yes hydrogen bromide H Br no no

For each compound in the table below, decide whether there would be any hydrogen-bonding force between molecules of the compound, or between molecules of the compound and molecules of water. compound hydrogen-bonding force Between Between molecules of formula or Lewis molecules of the the compound and molecules of water? name structure compound? :0: || Н — С — о— Н yes yes formic acid no no yes О yes iodomethane CH,I no no H H yes yes dimethyl ether Н — С — - C -H no no H H O O ОО :o:

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 49P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The molecular formula of lactic acid should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The molecular formula of any molecule explains about the atoms present in it along with the numbers of atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The functional groups in Lactic acid should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The functional groups are the atoms or groups of atom which undergoes some chemical transformation in organic molecules. These chemical transformations are very important part of organic compounds because of these functional units, organic compounds are divided.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The bond angles of carbon atoms of Lactic acid should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The bond angles are angles occurring in between the bonds forming atoms of molecules. This bond angles can be determined with the help of VSEPR model that shows the regions of electron density around the atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The polar and nonpolar bonds of lactic acid should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Polar bonds are bonds in which electronegativity difference of atoms is in range of 0.5 and 1.4. Nonpolar bonds are bonds with electronegativity difference of less than 0.5.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The polarity of lactic acid molecule should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 49P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The molecular formula of lactic acid should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The molecular formula of any molecule explains about the atoms present in it along with the numbers of atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The functional groups in Lactic acid should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The functional groups are the atoms or groups of atom which undergoes some chemical transformation in organic molecules. These chemical transformations are very important part of organic compounds because of these functional units, organic compounds are divided.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The bond angles of carbon atoms of Lactic acid should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The bond angles are angles occurring in between the bonds forming atoms of molecules. This bond angles can be determined with the help of VSEPR model that shows the regions of electron density around the atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The polar and nonpolar bonds of lactic acid should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Polar bonds are bonds in which electronegativity difference of atoms is in range of 0.5 and 1.4. Nonpolar bonds are bonds with electronegativity difference of less than 0.5.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The polarity of lactic acid molecule should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 49P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The molecular formula of lactic acid should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The molecular formula of any molecule explains about the atoms present in it along with the numbers of atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The functional groups in Lactic acid should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The functional groups are the atoms or groups of atom which undergoes some chemical transformation in organic molecules. These chemical transformations are very important part of organic compounds because of these functional units, organic compounds are divided.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The bond angles of carbon atoms of Lactic acid should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The bond angles are angles occurring in between the bonds forming atoms of molecules. This bond angles can be determined with the help of VSEPR model that shows the regions of electron density around the atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The polar and nonpolar bonds of lactic acid should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Polar bonds are bonds in which electronegativity difference of atoms is in range of 0.5 and 1.4. Nonpolar bonds are bonds with electronegativity difference of less than 0.5.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The polarity of lactic acid molecule should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.

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Answer 5

Chapter 10, Problem 49P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The molecular formula of lactic acid should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The molecular formula of any molecule explains about the atoms present in it along with the numbers of atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The functional groups in Lactic acid should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The functional groups are the atoms or groups of atom which undergoes some chemical transformation in organic molecules. These chemical transformations are very important part of organic compounds because of these functional units, organic compounds are divided.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The bond angles of carbon atoms of Lactic acid should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The bond angles are angles occurring in between the bonds forming atoms of molecules. This bond angles can be determined with the help of VSEPR model that shows the regions of electron density around the atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The polar and nonpolar bonds of lactic acid should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Polar bonds are bonds in which electronegativity difference of atoms is in range of 0.5 and 1.4. Nonpolar bonds are bonds with electronegativity difference of less than 0.5.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The polarity of lactic acid molecule should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.

Answer 6

Chapter 10, Problem 49P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The molecular formula of lactic acid should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The molecular formula of any molecule explains about the atoms present in it along with the numbers of atoms.

Answer 7

Chapter 10, Problem 49P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The molecular formula of lactic acid should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The molecular formula of any molecule explains about the atoms present in it along with the numbers of atoms.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The functional groups in Lactic acid should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The functional groups are the atoms or groups of atom which undergoes some chemical transformation in organic molecules. These chemical transformations are very important part of organic compounds because of these functional units, organic compounds are divided.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The functional groups in Lactic acid should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The functional groups are the atoms or groups of atom which undergoes some chemical transformation in organic molecules. These chemical transformations are very important part of organic compounds because of these functional units, organic compounds are divided.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The bond angles of carbon atoms of Lactic acid should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The bond angles are angles occurring in between the bonds forming atoms of molecules. This bond angles can be determined with the help of VSEPR model that shows the regions of electron density around the atoms.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The bond angles of carbon atoms of Lactic acid should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The bond angles are angles occurring in between the bonds forming atoms of molecules. This bond angles can be determined with the help of VSEPR model that shows the regions of electron density around the atoms.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The polar and nonpolar bonds of lactic acid should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Polar bonds are bonds in which electronegativity difference of atoms is in range of 0.5 and 1.4. Nonpolar bonds are bonds with electronegativity difference of less than 0.5.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The polar and nonpolar bonds of lactic acid should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Polar bonds are bonds in which electronegativity difference of atoms is in range of 0.5 and 1.4. Nonpolar bonds are bonds with electronegativity difference of less than 0.5.

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The polarity of lactic acid molecule should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.

Answer 15

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The polarity of lactic acid molecule should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.

Answer 16

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Answer 27

Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 10.1QC Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 10.2QC Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 10.3QC Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 10.4QC Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 10.5QC Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 10.6QC Ch. 10 - Prob. 1P Ch. 10 - Prob. 2P Ch. 10 - 10-9 Is there any difference between vanillin made...Ch. 10 - Prob. 4P

(a) Interpretation: The molecular formula of lactic acid should be determined. Concept Introduction: The molecular formula of any molecule explains about the atoms present in it along with the numbers of atoms.

Solution Summary: The author explains the molecular formula of lactic acid and the functional groups present in it.

Concept explainers

(a)

Interpretation:

The molecular formula of lactic acid should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The molecular formula of any molecule explains about the atoms present in it along with the numbers of atoms.

(d)

Interpretation:

The polar and nonpolar bonds of lactic acid should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Polar bonds are bonds in which electronegativity difference of atoms is in range of 0.5 and 1.4. Nonpolar bonds are bonds with electronegativity difference of less than 0.5.

Chapter 10 Solutions

(a) Interpretation: The molecular formula of lactic acid should be determined. Concept Introduction: The molecular formula of any molecule explains about the atoms present in it along with the numbers of atoms.

Solution Summary: The author explains the molecular formula of lactic acid and the functional groups present in it.

Concept explainers

(a) Interpretation: The molecular formula of lactic acid should be determined. Concept Introduction: The molecular formula of any molecule explains about the atoms present in it along with the numbers of atoms.

(d) Interpretation: The polar and nonpolar bonds of lactic acid should be identified. Concept Introduction: Polar bonds are bonds in which electronegativity difference of atoms is in range of 0.5 and 1.4. Nonpolar bonds are bonds with electronegativity difference of less than 0.5.

Chapter 10 Solutions

(a)

Interpretation:

The molecular formula of lactic acid should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The molecular formula of any molecule explains about the atoms present in it along with the numbers of atoms.

(d)

Interpretation:

The polar and nonpolar bonds of lactic acid should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Polar bonds are bonds in which electronegativity difference of atoms is in range of 0.5 and 1.4. Nonpolar bonds are bonds with electronegativity difference of less than 0.5.