Principles of Anatomy and Physiology
16th Edition
ISBN: 9781119662792
Author: Tortora, Gerard J., DERRICKSON, Bryan H.
Publisher: WILEY
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 1CTQ
Weightlifter Jamal has been practicing many hours a day, and his muscles have gotten noticeably bigger. He tells you that his muscle cells are "multiplying like crazy and making him get stronger and stronger." Do you believe his explanation? Why or why not?
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A woman takes her daughter to a sports medicine specialist and asks the specialist to determine the percentage of fast- and slow-twitch fibers in the girl’s leg muscles. The parent wants to know if the healthy girl should try out for soccer or cross-country running. Do you think this is a valid reason to test muscle tissue? Why or why not?
You're hiking, you step on a piece of wood and a protruding rusty nail goes right through your Puma Cydes and into your foot. You start thinking....when was my last tetanus booster shot??? We're not talking about tetanus as defined in our studies of muscle physiology, but pathological tetanus (also known as "lockjaw").
In this condition, bacteria called Clostridia tetani (found in dirt) enter the bloodstream and grow, producing tetanus neurotoxin. The result of this toxin coursing through your bloodstream is causes the prime mover and its antagonist muscle groups (doesn't just have to be muscles of the jaw) to contract at the same time. How does the neurotoxin do that?
Knowing all this, and being experts on Human reflex Physiology, do you think your reflexes (like the knee-jerk) would still function if you were suffering from "lock-jaw?"
After a vigorous exercise, you may experience cramps in your leg muscles. Why does this happen?
Chapter 10 Solutions
Principles of Anatomy and Physiology
Ch. 10 - To determine:
l. What features distinguish the...Ch. 10 - List the general functions of muscular tissue.Ch. 10 - 3. Describe the four properties of muscular...Ch. 10 - What types of fascia cover skeletal muscles?Ch. 10 - Why is a rich blood supply important for muscle...Ch. 10 - How are the structures of thin and thick filaments...Ch. 10 - What roles do contractile, regulatory, and...Ch. 10 - Prob. 8CPCh. 10 - To determined
9. How does sareomere length...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10CP
Ch. 10 - Which ATP-producing reactions are aerobic and...Ch. 10 - To determine:
12. Which sources provide ATP during...Ch. 10 - Prob. 13CPCh. 10 - Why is the term recovery oxygen uptake more...Ch. 10 - Prob. 15CPCh. 10 - What is motor unit recruitment?Ch. 10 - Prob. 17CPCh. 10 - Prob. 18CPCh. 10 - Prob. 19CPCh. 10 - Prob. 20CPCh. 10 - Prob. 21CPCh. 10 - On a cellular level, what causes muscle...Ch. 10 - What are the similarities among and differences...Ch. 10 - 24. What are the differences between visceral and...Ch. 10 - How are skeletal and smooth muscle similar? How do...Ch. 10 - 26. Which type of muscular tissue has the highest...Ch. 10 - Q. Which structures develop from myotomes,...Ch. 10 - Prob. 28CPCh. 10 - 29. Why do you think a healthy 30-year-old can...Ch. 10 - l. Weightlifter Jamal has been practicing many...Ch. 10 - Prob. 2CTQCh. 10 - Polio is a disease caused by a virus that can...
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- You find yourself running away from a pack of zombies in the snow. These zombies aren't very fast but persistent. It looks like you'll need to run for a few miles to get rid of them. What type of muscle fibers will you primarily use to run away? What energy sources in your muscles will you use? Why?arrow_forwardLarry was told that a certain muscle cream was the newest best thing on the market and claims to double a person's muscle power when used as a part of a muscle-building workout.Interested in this product,he buys the special muscle cream and recruits Patrick and SpongeBob to help him with an experiment.Larry develops a special marshmallow weightlifting program for Patrick and SpongeBob.He meets with them once every day for a period of 2 weeks and keeps track of their results.Before each session Patrick's arms and back are lathered in the muscle cream, while SpongeBob's arm and back are lathered with the regular lotion. What is the independent variable? What is the dependent variable? What should Larry's conclusion be?arrow_forwardCardiac muscle differs from smooth and skeletal muscle because.... It is composed of long and cylindrical fibers, each of which has multiple nuclei. It is composed of a branching network of fibers and is only found in vertebrates. It typically contracts more rapidly than skeletal or smooth muscle. It is composed of long and cylindrical fibers with one nucleus per cell. It is composed of a branching network protected by chitin.arrow_forward
- After death, a person no longer makes ATP, and calcium stored in the specialized endoplasmic reticulum of muscle fibers diffuses down its concentration gradient into the muscle cytoplasm. The result is rigor mortis—an unbreakable state of muscle contraction. Explain why the contraction occurs and why it is irreversible.arrow_forwardA woman is having an extremely prolonged labor. From her anatomy andphysiology course, she remembers the role of Ca2+ in muscle contractionand asks the doctor to give her a Ca2+ injection to speed the delivery.Explain why the doctor would or would not do as she requests.arrow_forwardSuppose a person had an unusual mutation in the troponin protein of his skeletal muscles, such that the troponin could not bind to calcium. Would this person’s muscles be constantly contracted, constantly relaxed, or able to function normally? Explain.arrow_forward
- Skeletal muscle has several distinct fiber types. Type I is used primarily for aerobic activity, whereas type II b is specialized for short, intense bursts of activity. How could you distinguish between these types of muscle fiber if you viewed them with an electron microscope?arrow_forwardWhat do you mean by muscle?arrow_forwardSkeletal muscle has several distinct fiber types. Type I is used primarily for aerobic activity, whereas type IIb is specialized for short, intense bursts of activity. How could you distinguish between these types of muscle fiber if you viewed them with an electron microscope?arrow_forward
- The cells that are found in tendons are called: A. osteocytes B. adipocytes C. haemocytoblasts D. fibroblastsarrow_forwardHello, may I please get help with this physiology question? An explanation leading to the correct answer would be helpful! Scenario: Your friend Arnold S, who sometimes goes by "Dutch", has started lifting weights because he wants his muscles to get bigger. He's done a little bit of research, and he tells you that weight lifting is increasing the size of myofibrils. Arnie is getting huge, and so you are hesitant to correct him, but you know that what he's saying isn't quite right. The more likely explanation for Arnold's muscles getting bigger is...arrow_forward3) Paula is a scientist who is developing a drug called Fremtol that will be used to treat muscle spasms. This drug acts on specific skeletal muscles to (1) block the release of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, (2) inhibit the pivoting ability of the myosin heads of the thick filaments, and (3) block the production of ATP by the mitochondria in skeletal muscles. By using this drug, contraction of certain skeletal muscle fibers is reduced, which keeps those muscles from producing spasms. In the above scenario, Fremtol’s effect of blocking muscle mitochondrial ATP production would result in the inability of the muscle to make ATP from ___________. a. creatine phosphate b. anaerobic glycolysis c. aerobic respiration d. All of the above e. None of the abovearrow_forward
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