Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134156415
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 10, Problem 19SAQ
What does it mean when we say that a lever operates at a mechanical disadvantage and what benefits does such a lever system provide?
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We move a lot and do not even realize how intricate these movements may be from gross motor to fine motor manipulations. Briefly explain the steps involved in a single muscle contraction beginning at the neuromuscular junction through one complete contraction and relaxation for the sliding filament theory. Don’t forget to include all the major proteins (actin, myosin, troponin and tropomyosin) involved as well as calcium and ATP.
What class of lever is an automobile steeringwheel?
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
Ch. 10.1 - The term prime mover is used in the business world...Ch. 10.2 - What criteria are used in naming each of the...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 10.4 - Which of the three lever systems involved in...Ch. 10.4 - What benefit is provided by a lever that operates...Ch. 10.5 - Prob. 6CYUCh. 10.5 - What muscles would you contract to make a sad...Ch. 10.5 - How can the deltoid muscles both extend and flex...Ch. 10.5 - Which of the thenar muscles does not have an...Ch. 10.5 - Prob. 10CYU
Ch. 10 - A muscle that assists an agonist by causing a like...Ch. 10 - The arrangement of muscle fibers in which the...Ch. 10 - Match the muscle names in column B to the facial...Ch. 10 - The prime mover of inspiration is the (a)...Ch. 10 - The arm muscle that both flexes the elbow and...Ch. 10 - The chewing muscles that protract the mandible and...Ch. 10 - Muscles that depress the hyoid bone and larynx...Ch. 10 - Intrinsic muscles of the back that promote...Ch. 10 - Several muscles act to move and/or stabilize the...Ch. 10 - The quadriceps include all but (a)...Ch. 10 - A prime mover of hip flexion is the (a) rectus...Ch. 10 - The prime mover of hip extension against...Ch. 10 - Muscles that cause plantar flexion include all but...Ch. 10 - In walking, which two lower limb muscles keep the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 15MCCh. 10 - Which of the following is large, deep muscle that...Ch. 10 - Name four criteria used in naming muscles, and...Ch. 10 - Differentiate between the arrangement of elements...Ch. 10 - What does it mean when we say that a lever...Ch. 10 - Which muscles act to propel food down the length...Ch. 10 - Name and describe the action of muscles used to...Ch. 10 - (a) Name the four muscle pairs that act in unison...Ch. 10 - List all six possible movements that can occur at...Ch. 10 - (a) Name two forearm muscles that are powerful...Ch. 10 - Name the muscles usually grouped together as the...Ch. 10 - Name three thigh muscles that help you keep your...Ch. 10 - (a) Name three muscles or muscle groups used as...Ch. 10 - Name two muscles in each of the following...Ch. 10 - In Chapters 7 and 8, you were introduced to Kayla...Ch. 10 - Prob. 2CCSCh. 10 - Prob. 3CCSCh. 10 - Prob. 4CCS
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- Which of the following best describes rigidity? It affects only antigravity muscles It causes flaccid paralysis It occurs in an upper motor neuron lesion It affects both gravity and antigravity musclesarrow_forwardResearchers are working to understand a rare disease that affects the ability of the muscles to contract. They have identified that the disease is caused by abnormal gene expression leading to a relatively large intracellular space between the T-tubules and the terminal cisternae in the triad, which causes an interruption in the connection between the dihydropyridine (DHP) receptor and the ryanodine calcium channel. Based on this description of the morphology underlying the disease, which of the following problems would you expect in excitation-contraction coupling? An action potential would not be able to be transmitted down the T-tubule. Re-uptake of calcium would be blocked, leading to an increase in intracellular calcium. O The actin binding sites may continue to be blocked by tropomyosin even following an action potential along the sarcolemma. O All of the above. Only B and C.arrow_forwardWhat is neuromuscular efficiency and synergistic dominance? How do these terms relate to “good” and/or “altered” posture?arrow_forward
- A) Describe the difference between strength and power during a squat. Provide a quantitative example that illustrates the difference. B) During a squat, the weight you have on your shoulders has a certain amount of gravitational potential energy. As you squat down and come to a stop at the bottom of the squat, some of that energy is lost. Where does it go?arrow_forwardIf your biceps brachii muscle attaches to your forearm 2 inches below your elbow, the distance from the elbow to the palm of your hand is 18 inches, and you lift a 20 pound weight, how much pull must your muscle exert to achieve elbow flexion? If your biceps brachii muscle attaches to your forearm 2 inches below your elbow, the distance from the elbow to the palm of your hand is 18 inches, and you lift a 20 pound weight, how much pull must your muscle exert to achieve elbow flexion? hhharrow_forwardThe graphs below show the force-versus-shortening-velocity and power-versus- shortening-velocity curves for four muscles in the human lower extremity. Note that these curves show this relationship only for shortening activations (positive shortening velocities), not lengthening activations. And, note that the values displayed on the axes of the graphs are absolute (not normalized) values of force, power, and velocity. These graphs apply to the next three questions. Force vs Shortening Velocity Power vs Shortening Velocity 1,500 400 1,200 300 2 900 200 600 100 300 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Shortening Velocity (m/s) Shortening Velocity (m/s) muscle 1 muscle 3 muscle 2 muscle 4 Force (N) Power (W)arrow_forward
- If a person has a vertical force of 10.25N with a nylon strap of a 2.5cm of width and length of 10cm in the trapezius muscle, how much time does the person need to feel pain in the muscle? How much time is needed to injure or damage the muscle? Must show every mathematical process.arrow_forwardWhat do you think is/are the most reliable criteria for determining muscle homologies? Are muscle names a good indicator of possible homology? Why or why not?arrow_forwardWhy are ADLs and IADLs important to kinesiologists who work with people who are elderly or who have disability?arrow_forward
- since sarcomeres within skeletal muscles are rigidly aligned with each other what do you think excessive stretch or compression (remember the basic structure of the sarcomere with overlapping thin and thick filaments and the length-tension relationship) will do to the force generation of a muscle contraction?arrow_forwardWhat is the myoelastic aerodynamic theory?arrow_forwardWhat is the connection or relation of the planes of motion and anatomical position to the movement based exercise?arrow_forward
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