Economics:
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781285859460
Author: BOYES, William
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 10, Problem 17E
To determine
In the chapter titled "
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The following graph shows a decrease in aggregate demand (AD) in a hypothetical country. Specifically, aggregate demand shifts to the left from AD1AD1 to AD2AD2, causing the quantity of output demanded to fall at all price levels. For example, at a price level of 140, output is now $200 billion, where previously it was $300 billion.
The following table lists several determinants of aggregate demand.
Complete the table by indicating the change in each determinant necessary to decrease aggregate demand.
Change needed to decrease AD
Wealth
(increase/ decrease)
Taxes
(increase/ decrease)
Expected rate of return on investment
(increase/ decrease)
Incomes in other countries
(increase/ decrease)
The following graph shows the short-run and long-run aggregate supply curves (SRAS and LRAS) for an economy.
Suppose there is a technological improvement that allows firms to reduce their costs of production permanently.
Drag one or both of the curves on the graph to illustrate the long-term effects of this change. If you don't believe there will be any long-term effects,
leave the curves where they are.
240
LRAS
SRAS
200
SRAS
160
LRAS
120
80
40
6
12
18
24
REAL GDP (Trillions of dollars)
Assuming aggregate demand is not affected by the technological improvement, the long-run effect of this
v supply shock
is
v in aggregate output and
v in the price level.
PRICE LEVEL
The following graph shows an aggregate demand curve (AD) illustrating the inverse relationship between the price level and the quantity of Real GDP
in the United States.
During World War II, the United States increased military spending.
Show the effect of the following scenario on the aggregate demand curve by dragging the curve or moving the point to the appropriate position.
Note: Tool tip: To move the curve, click and drag any part of the curve. The curve will snap into position, so if you try to move it and it snaps back to
its original position, just try again and drag it a little farther.
PRICE LEVEL
Aggregate Demand
I
I
"
I
1
REAL GDP
AD
AD
(?)
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Similar questions
- Considering the formula for Aggregate Demand (Also known as the product market) answer the following question:Name two macroeconomic variables (from this formula) that decline when the economy goes into recession, and explain why this happens?Name one macroeconomic variable (from this formula) that rises during a recession, and explain why this happens?arrow_forwardUsing a macroeconomics demand/supply analysis, where do you think current output is relative to what the economy is capable of producing? Look at recent trends in the data. What are the recent trends in the components of aggregate demand (consumption spending, investment spending, government purchases, and exports and imports?arrow_forwardSuppose that the price level is constant and that investment decreases sharply. How would you show this decrease in the aggregate expenditures model? What would be the outcome for real GDP? How would you show this fall in investment in the aggregate demand–aggregate supply model, assuming the economy is operating in what, in effect, is a horizontal section of the aggregate supply curve?arrow_forward
- Suppose a boom in stock market prices helps make people feel wealthier. Using the model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply, identify and illustrate the curves that are affected, and which direction these curves would shift. In your own words, explain what happens to price level and real GDP and equilibrium? (Hint: Graph your own AD/AS model to answer part of the question)arrow_forwardThe following graph shows an aggregate demand (AD) curve and a short-run aggregate supply (SRAS) curve for an economy. Suppose the economy is initially in a short-run equilibrium at PE, and Real GDP is 25trillion. At some point, the economy experiences a decrease in wage rates. Adjust the following graph to show the effect of a decrease in wage rates on the economy. Price Level 0 5 10 I | 1 15 20 25 30 35 Real GDP (Trillions Dollars) SRAS AD 40 45 50 AD SRASarrow_forward120- 115- 110- 105- 100- 95- 90- 85+ Price level 1.1 S LAS D B SAS₁ ch SASO AD ADO 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Real GDP (trillions of 2007 dollars) 1.7arrow_forward
- What are variables that affect AD (also considered the Demand side of GDP)?arrow_forwardThe total expenditure in Macroland begins with these initial levels (in trillions of dollars): autonomous consumption=1, Investment = 2; Net Exports = 0, T=2, and MPC = 0.75. Assume that equilibrium has been achieved. Suddenly there is an external shock and as a result investment goes down to 1. What is the change in GDP? Use the base model to answer this question. Equilibrium GDP goes down by 1 Equilibrium GDP goes up by 1 Equilibrium GDP goes up by 4 Equilibrium GDP goes down by 4arrow_forwardSuppose that in 2011, the price of cotton, an input good, decreases in Microtania. Show how this event will change equilibrium output and price level by shifting either the SRAS or AD curve, and then answer the questions below. Did equilibrium output increase or decrease?Increase/Decrease Did equilibrium price increase or decrease?Increase/Decreasearrow_forward
- The graph below shows the AD-AS diagram for Spain. Suppose that the economy is initially in long-run equilibrium with the price level of 900. Now suppose that the Aggregate Demand (AD) curve shifts left from AD1 (blue) to AD2 (green). 1200 AD 1100 1000 Price Level ADS 900- 800 79R ST 600* 500 400 300 200- 100- LRAS 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 120 Real GDP Q 1. What is the new GDP in the short-run as a result of this shift? I 2. What is the new price level in the short-run as a result of this shift? 3. What is the price new long-run equilibrium as a result of this shift? 4. What is GDP in the new long-run equilibrium as a result of this shift? 5. What causes the economy to move from the short-run equilibrium to the new long-run equilibrium? O Decreased wages. O increased wages. O Increased prices. O Decreased prices.arrow_forwardSuppose the aggregate demand equation for an economy is given by AD = 2000 - 50P, where AD represents aggregate demand and P represents the price level. Calculate the aggregate demand when the price level is $40.arrow_forwardConsider the following changes in the macroeconomy and show how to think about them using the IS curve. Explain how and why GDP is affected in the short run (assuming the real interest rate is constant). The government offers a temporary investment tax credit: for each dollar of investment that firms undertake, they receive a credit that reduces the taxes they pay on corporate income. A booming economy in Europe this year leads to an unexpected increase in demand by European consumers for US goods. US consumers suddenly love all things made in Brazil and sharply increase their imports from that country. A housing bubble bursts so that housing prices fall by 20% and new home sales drop sharply.arrow_forward
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