Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 10, Problem 16TYU
Summary Introduction
To determine: The evolutionary advantages of sexual reproduction with the associated process of meiosis during unfavorable conditions.
Introduction: Reproduction is the process by which the organisms propagate their species by the union of the male and females gametes in case of sexual reproduction or by other asexual means.
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In embryophytes, especially spermatophya, what is the difference between a "sporocyte" (e.g., megasporocyte) and the actual spore (e.g., megaspore)?
a) Meiosis: Megasporocyte is still diploid, megaspore haploid
b) Mitosis, number of nuclei: Megaspore has eight cell nuclei, megasporocyte only one
c) Cytokinesis: Megasporocyte has only one cell, Megaspore can have several (as endosporic gametophyte).
d) None: the two terms are synonymous.
e) Meiosis: Megaspore is still diploid, megasporocyte haploid
When the Ascomycetes fungus reproduces sexually, mating type A fungi cross fertilize mating type a fungi. The resulting zygotes undergo meiotic and then mitotic division to produce asci with eight ascospores. The ascospores in the asci are ordered and reflect the position of the parental nuclei in the zygote.
Use the passage to answer the question.
How is the life cycle of Ascomycetes different from that of humans?
A. Haploid cells undergo meiosis.
B. Haploid cells undergo mitosis.
C. Diploid cells undergo meiosis.
D. Diploid cells undergo mitosis.
After plasmogamy has occurred, many molds (Mucoromycetes) exist in a heterokaryotic stage for up to centuries at a time. What occurs at the immediate end of this stage?
The nuclei fuse in a process called karyogamy.
The hyphae fuse in a process called karyogamy.
Diploid spores are produced in various spore-producing structures.
A haploid zygote is formed that becomes multicellular through repeated rounds of mitosis.
Chapter 10 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 10.1 - Discuss the significance of chromosomes in terms...Ch. 10.1 - Explain how DNA is packed into chromosomes in...Ch. 10.1 - What are the informational units on chromosomes...Ch. 10.1 - How is the large discrepancy between DNA length...Ch. 10.2 - Identify the stages in the eukaryotic cell cycle...Ch. 10.2 - Describe the structure of a duplicated chromosome,...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 10.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 10.2 - What are the stages of mitosis, and what happens...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 6LO
Ch. 10.3 - What are cell-cycle checkpoints?Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 10.4 - Prob. 7LOCh. 10.4 - Distinguish between haploid and diploid cells, and...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 9LOCh. 10.4 - 10.2 What are the stages of mitosis, and what...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 10.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 10.4 - Can haploid cells divide by mitosis? by meiosis?Ch. 10.5 - Prob. 11LOCh. 10.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 10.5 - Prob. 2CCh. 10 - A nucleosome consists of (a) DNA and scaffolding...Ch. 10 - Test Your Understanding 2. At which of the...Ch. 10 - In a cell at __________, each chromosome consists...Ch. 10 - The molecular tether that links sister chromatids...Ch. 10 - In an animal cell at mitotic metaphase, you would...Ch. 10 - A diploid nucleus at early mitotic prophase has...Ch. 10 - You would expect to find a synaptonemal complex in...Ch. 10 - A chiasma links a pair of (a) homologous...Ch. 10 - VISUALIZE Sketch a mitotic prophase chromosome and...Ch. 10 - CONNECT Does the DNA content of the cell change...Ch. 10 - Fill out the following table for a cell with 5...Ch. 10 - Fill out the following table for a diploid cell...Ch. 10 - In questions 13 and 14, decide whether each is an...Ch. 10 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 10 - EVOLUTION link How does mitosis provide evidence...Ch. 10 - Prob. 16TYU
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- When the Ascomycetes fungus reproduces sexually, mating type A fungi cross fertilize mating type a fungi. The resulting zygotes undergo meiotic and then mitotic division to produce asci with eight ascospores. The ascospores in the asci are ordered and reflect the position of the parental nuclei in the zygote. Use the passage to answer the question. Although ascospores are produced by mitotic division, none of the spores develop into fungi that are identical to either parental hyphae. What is the BEST explanation for this observation? A. The spores inherit half their genes from each parent. B. The spores inherit haploid nuclei from their parents. C. The spores inherit mutations as a result of meiosis. D. The spores inherit mutations as a result of mitosis.arrow_forwardIn a population of bread molds (zygomycetes), one individual inherits a mutation that prohibits it from engaging in plasmogamy with other individuals. This fungus will not be able to do which of the following two things; *** 'Bubble both that apply*** Note that both are required for credit. The fungus will not be able to reproduce sexually The fungus will not be able to create spores of any kind The fungus will not be able to digest any food The fungus will not fuse it's cytoplasm with another individualarrow_forwardWhen the Ascomycetes fungus reproduces sexually, mating type A fungi cross fertilize mating type a fungi. The resulting zygotes undergo meiotic and then mitotic division to produce asci with eight ascospores. The ascospores in the asci are ordered and reflect the position of the parental nuclei in the zygote. Use the passage to answer the question. Based on the diagram, how many unique ascospores are produced in each ascus resulting from the cross fertilization of two Ascomycetes fungi? A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 8arrow_forward
- 8) The diagram below represents a yeast cell that is in the process of budding, a form of asexual reproduction. Nucleus -Bud "Nucleus Which of the following statements describes the outcome of this process? A) The two cells that result will each contain half the species number of chromosomes. B) The two cells that result will have identical DNA. C) The bud will develop into a zygote. D) The bud will start to divide by the process of meiotic cell division.arrow_forwardFusion of cytoplasm which happens when two hyphae of genetically compatible mating types come together during sexual reproduction, is called: * O zygote formation O karyogamy none is correct plasmogamy fertilizationarrow_forwardIn fungi, asexual spores are produced by_________ celldivision and have__________ set(s) of chromosomes.Sexual spores are produced by________ cell divisionin a(n)_______ and have_________ set(s) ofchromosomes.arrow_forward
- A hypothesized evolutionary advantage to asexual reproduction in fungi is that: -It allows them to form resting spores -It protects their genes from mutation -It allows them to avoid phages -It allows them to grow quickly when nutrient levels are richarrow_forwardWhich of the following is TRUE for animal life cycle, but not for plant life cycle? O gametes are formed by mitosis O gametes are formed by meiosis O unicellular gametes O multicellular gametophytes O spores are formed by meiosis « Prevjousarrow_forwardSome fungal species can undergo both sexual and asexual life cycles. During very hot seasons fungi prefer; Select one: a. Asexual reproduction by mitosis, to reduce its genetic diversity b. Asexual reproduction by mitosis to reduce the number of spores c. Asexual reproduction by mitosis to produce diploid cells d. Sexual reproduction by meiosis to produce haploid spores that can resist extreme conditions e. Asexual reproduction by mitosis, as this process needs less energyarrow_forward
- Basidiomycota is a division of the Kingdom Fungi. They include groups such as mushrooms, and reproduce sexually through the formation of cells called basidia. Which of the following rows identifies Process 1 and Process 3 in the life cycle shown in the diagram? Select one: a. Process 1 Process 3 Meiosis Mitosis b. Process 1 Process 3 Mitosis Mitosis c. Process 1 Process 3 Meiosis Meiosis d. Process 1 Process 3 Mitosis Meiosisarrow_forwardIndicate the ploidy number for each of the following cells indicated on the life cycle diagram above. Haploid = 1 and Diploid = 2. zygote Answer basidiospores Answer basidium with four nuclei Answer mycelia Answerarrow_forwardRelate plasmogamy and karyogamy to the process of fertilization and describe whey we need to separate these two things in the life cycle of the fungi. Differentiate between the monokaryotic and dikaryotic conditions. Compare and contrast an animal life cycle with that of a typical mushroom including the haplophase, dikaryophase, and diplophase, products of meiosis, plasmogamy, and karyogamy.arrow_forward
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