Biochemistry: Concepts and Connections (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134641621
Author: Dean R. Appling, Spencer J. Anthony-Cahill, Christopher K. Mathews
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 10, Problem 15P
The concentration of glucose in your circulatory system is maintained near 5.0 mM by the actions of the pancreatic hormones glucagon and insulin. Glucose is imported into cells by protein transporters that are highly specific for binding glucose. Inside the liver cells the imported glucose is rapidly phosphorylated to give glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P). This is an ATP-dependent process that
consumes 1 mol ATP per mol of glucose.
a. The process of phosphorylating the glucose after it has been transported into the cell is considered a form of active transport —called "transport by modification” though ATP is not bound by the transporter protein, nor is ATP hydrolysis directly involved in the movement of glucose across the membrane. Explain the
b. Given
ATP = 4.7 mM; ADP = 0.15 mM; Pi = 6.1 mM, calculate the theoretical maximum concentration of G-6-P
inside a liver cell at 37 oC, pH = 7.2 when the glucose concentration outside the cell (i.e., [glucose]outside) is 5.0 mM:
ATP + glucoseinside→ADP + glucose-6-phosphate + H+
For
ATP + H2O →ADP + Pi + H+ ΔGo’ = -32.2 kJ/mol and for
G-6-P + H2O →Glucose + Pi ΔGo’ = -13.8 kJ / mol
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Students have asked these similar questions
Calculate glucose concentration.
Na (sodium) and glucose secondary active
transport.
Na transport (which drive glucose import)
G=R*T*In(Na in/ Na out)+Z*F*Y(psi symbol)
Na in=14mM
Na out=145MM
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F=96.5 KJ/V*mol
Y(psi)=-0.05V
What is the glucose in and out
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Please be very through when explaining
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In biological systems, enzymes are used to accelerate the rates of certain bio-
logical reactions. Glucoamylase is an enzyme that aids in the conversion of starch
to glucose (a sugar that cells use for energy). Experiments show that 1 pg mol of
glucoamylase in a 4% starch solution results in a production rate of glucose of 0.6
ug mol/(mL)(min). Determine the production rate of glucose for this system in the
units of Ib mol/(ft³)(day).
Ibmol
Answer: 0.0639
ft day
True
False
The conversion of lactate to glucose in the liver requires the input of 6 mol of ATP for every mol of glucose produced.
Investigators can monitor the extent of this process in a rat liver preparation by administering [¹4C]lactate and measuring the
amount of [¹4C]glucose produced.
Because the stoichiometry of O, consumption and ATP production is known (about 5 ATP per O₂), investigators can predict the
extra O₂ consumption above the normal rate after administering a given amount of lactate. However, when they actually measure
the extra O₂ used in the synthesis of glucose from lactate, it is always higher than what the stoichiometric relationships predict.
What could explain this observation?
Unproductive cycling of ADP and ATP occurs, with extra O, consumption.
The initial production of lactate requires extra O₂.
The conversion of [C]lactate to [C]glucose requires less ATP and less O₂.
The production of [C]glucose uses more O, than the production of unlabeled glucose.
Chapter 10 Solutions
Biochemistry: Concepts and Connections (2nd Edition)
Ch. 10 - Prob. 1PCh. 10 - Given these molecular components--glycerol, fatty...Ch. 10 - The classic demonstration that cell plasma...Ch. 10 - The lipid portion of a typical bilayers is about...Ch. 10 - In the following situations, what is the free...Ch. 10 - Propose an experiment that would distinguish...Ch. 10 - Prob. 7PCh. 10 - Peptide hormones (such as insulin) must bind to...Ch. 10 - Prob. 9PCh. 10 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 10 - Prob. 11PCh. 10 - Prob. 12PCh. 10 - Prob. 13PCh. 10 - Prob. 14PCh. 10 - The concentration of glucose in your circulatory...Ch. 10 - ATP is synthesized from ADP, Pi , and a proton on...Ch. 10 - The Na+/ glucose symport transports glucose from...Ch. 10 - Prob. 18PCh. 10 - Prob. 19PCh. 10 - The transport of aspirin (pKa = 3.5, structure...Ch. 10 - Prob. 21P
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