Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 1, Problem 3MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The differences in the characteristics of the individuals in a population forming new traits that are inherited to the next generation is called natural selection. Natural selection results in adaptation where the survivability of organisms is increased and it also plays a major role in the evolution of new organisms.
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What is meant by the following statement? "When mutation is random, natural selection is not." Mark all correct answers Group of answer choices
A. A mutation is caused by changes in the environment.
B. Natural selection can favor some mutations and not others.
C.Mutations for advantageous traits are more likely to be passed on to the next generation.
D.Selection can change depending on the environment.
In Darwin's theory of natural selection, which of the following is a source of evolution:
a.Individuals who do not vary from their progenitors.
b.Intelligent and purposeful design.
c.Individuals with random mutations who are able to reproduce.
d.Individuals with random mutations who die without reproducing.
Indicate whether each of the following statements about natural selection is true (T) or false (F). Put
either a T or an F in each box provided.
a. Natural selection alters a population's gene pool
b. Natural selection creates new alleles which increase the reproductive success of their owners
c. Natural selection favors traits which it anticipates will be beneficial to a species in the future
d. Natural selection can at times be observed in nature over the course of just a few decades
e. Natural selection acts directly on an individual's phenotype
Chapter 1 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 1.1 - Describe the source of the energy stored In the...Ch. 1.1 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 1.1 - How does evolution occur in Viruses and organisms?Ch. 1.2 - The largest dinosaurs were plant-eaters. Based on...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 1.2 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 1.2 - describe how species arise and how they become...Ch. 1.3 - Which level of organization would be most...Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 1.3 - Prob. 2CYL
Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 1.4 - Prob. 1TCCh. 1.4 - Fruit flies, bacteria from hot springs, sea...Ch. 1.4 - describe the principles underlying science?Ch. 1.4 - outline the scientific method?Ch. 1.4 - explain why controls are crucial in biological...Ch. 1.4 - explain why fundamental scientific principles are...Ch. 1.4 - The Boundaries of Life If viruses aren't a form of...Ch. 1 - Evolution is a. a belief. b. a scientific theory....Ch. 1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 1 - Prob. 3MCCh. 1 - Prob. 4MCCh. 1 - Which one of the following is True? a. The...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 1 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 1 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 1 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 1 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 1 - Prob. 1RQCh. 1 - Prob. 2RQCh. 1 - Define evolution, and explain the process of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 4RQCh. 1 - What are some differences between prokaryotic and...Ch. 1 - What basic principles underlie scientific inquiry?Ch. 1 - Prob. 7RQCh. 1 - Prob. 8RQCh. 1 - List the steps in the scientific method with a...Ch. 1 - What misunderstanding causes some people to...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2ACCh. 1 - Review Alexander Flemings experiment that led to...Ch. 1 - Prob. 4ACCh. 1 - Prob. 5AC
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- Which aspect(s) of natural selection is(are) illustrated by the figure below? Check ALL answers that apply. A. Variation among individuals must be genetically transmissible to the next generation. B. Variation must exist in a population. C. Variation among individuals leads to differences in lifetime reproductive success. D. More individuals are produced each generation than the environment can support, resulting in competition for survival.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about evolution is false?a. Gene mutations alone amount to evolution. b. Genetic drift and gene flow are modern theories of evolution.c. Natural selection contributes to evolution.d. Chimpanzees evolved from a hominoid ancestor.arrow_forwardConsider the trait in Figure 22.5a. Which statement about this trait is correct? Please choose the best option. a) In humans, the trait cannot be explained by the theory of evolution by natural selection. b. In humans, the trait improves the biological fitness of individuals. c. In humans, the trait is similar to a functional version of the trait in closely related species. d. Humans lack vestigial traitsarrow_forward
- 1) What does the term Natural Selection mean? Select one: a.The number and relative frequency of alleles present in a particular population. b.The process through which individuals with certain traits tend to produce more surviving offspring that individuals without those traits. c. Any change in the hereditary material of an organism.arrow_forwardJean-Baptiste Lamarck was one of the first scientists to propose a method for evolutionary change. He suggested that an organism's body would adapt to its surrounding based upon the use or disuse of certain body parts. Why was this a mistaken idea? a As species become distinctly different from each other, so do their body forms, which is a result of their genes changing. b Individuals adapt and change, not populations. c Evolutionary change can only act upon traits that are inheritable, not traits that are acquired through an organism's lifetime. d When an organism migrates to a new environment or the environment it currently lives in changes, the organism must adapt, or it will not survive.arrow_forwardNatural selection occurs when which of the following conditions are met? Group of answer choices a.Variations between individual organisms lead to differential survival chances. b.The conditions in an ecosystem support a wide range of living organisms c.Individual organisms depend on each other to obtain available resources. d. Habitat and nutrient resources in an area are plentiful over a long period of time.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about natural selection is a misconception? a.Most species don't produce more offspring than the environment can support b.Natural selection acts on heritable variations in a population c.Natural selection involves differential reproductive success d.Natural selection occurs as a result of competition among individuals in a population e.In natural selection, traits that are favoured depend on current environmental conditionsarrow_forwardAlfred Russel Wallace and Charles Darwin argued that evolution by means of natural selection involves all of the following steps except: a. variation is present in all species b. species can produce more offspring than the environment can sustain c. all individuals within a species have equal chances to improve their fitness d. those individuals that are more fit will survive and reproduce in the greatest numbers e. over time, the species will evolve as the more fit individuals replace the less fit individualsarrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of natural selection? Select one: O A. In a very wet year, some plants grow unusually tall stalks and large leaves. B. Dogs with longer legs are able to run faster than dogs with shorter legs. C. Squirrels may have long or short tails. D. After several unusually cold winters, squirrels with an extra layer of fat have more offspring.arrow_forward
- What is neutral evolution? A. Neutral evolution does not exist. B. When certain genes are present or absent in populations due to natural selection (they are advantageous or disadvantageous). C. When certain genes are present or absent in populations regardless of selection (they are not advantageous or disadvantageous). D. When certain genes are present or absent in populations due to sexual selection (they are selected for by the opposite sex).arrow_forwardWhich of the following is false regarding artificial selection? B. Artificial selection is responsible for creating new varieties of plants and animals D. Many if not most organisms created through artificial selection could not survive without humans E. None of the above---all are true statements A. Darwin's understanding of artificial selection helped him arrive at his theory of evolution by natural selection C. Artificial selection is caused through the process of selective breedingarrow_forwardOne of the lines of evidence that led Darwin to the theory of natural selection was his study of artificial selection. Plant breeders and pigeon breeders select offspring with specific traits in mind beforehand. a) However, since humans are an integral part of the natural world, do you think that artificial selection might be more appropriately termed “natural selection”? Why?arrow_forward
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