Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 1, Problem 3FIB
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
A scientific theory is the explanation of a feature of the natural world that can be repeatedly examined for the confirmation through the scientific method. The hypothesis is the proposed explanation for any phenomena. The scientific method is the step which is used characterizes the natural science.
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Which of the following statements best distinguisheshypotheses from theories in science?(A) Theories are hypotheses that have been proved.(B) Hypotheses are guesses; theories are correct answers.(C) Hypotheses usually are relatively narrow in scope; theorieshave broad explanatory power.(D) Theories are proved true; hypotheses are often contradictedby experimental results.
Which of the following descriptions best describes the meaning of a scientific theory and a scientific law?
A theory is an explanation for a process that hasn't yet been confirmed while a law is an explanation that has been actually confirmed.
A scientific theory attempts to explain why a process is happening while a scientific law attempts to describe how this process happens, which can often be represented by a mathematical equation.
A scientific theory describes an explanation for a process that could still be changed as new information becomes available while a scientific law is settled and can never be changed.
A scientific law is more valid and more accepted in science than a scientific theory.
A scientific theory describes all the experiments that a scientist would like to perform in a lab while a scientific law describes the experiments that are legal for that scientist to perform in a lab.
Which one of the following statements are not true about a scientific theory?
A.
Cannot be dedcued based on repeated observations without an experiment designed to test the hypothesis.
B.
Could be radically revised based on new scientific evidence.
C.
A basic principle derived from the study of nature that has never been disproven by scientific inquiry.
D.
It is a general and reliable explanation of important natural phenomena.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 1.1 - Describe the source of the energy stored In the...Ch. 1.1 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 1.1 - How does evolution occur in Viruses and organisms?Ch. 1.2 - The largest dinosaurs were plant-eaters. Based on...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 1.2 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 1.2 - describe how species arise and how they become...Ch. 1.3 - Which level of organization would be most...Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 1.3 - Prob. 2CYL
Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 1.4 - Prob. 1TCCh. 1.4 - Fruit flies, bacteria from hot springs, sea...Ch. 1.4 - describe the principles underlying science?Ch. 1.4 - outline the scientific method?Ch. 1.4 - explain why controls are crucial in biological...Ch. 1.4 - explain why fundamental scientific principles are...Ch. 1.4 - The Boundaries of Life If viruses aren't a form of...Ch. 1 - Evolution is a. a belief. b. a scientific theory....Ch. 1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 1 - Prob. 3MCCh. 1 - Prob. 4MCCh. 1 - Which one of the following is True? a. The...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 1 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 1 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 1 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 1 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 1 - Prob. 1RQCh. 1 - Prob. 2RQCh. 1 - Define evolution, and explain the process of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 4RQCh. 1 - What are some differences between prokaryotic and...Ch. 1 - What basic principles underlie scientific inquiry?Ch. 1 - Prob. 7RQCh. 1 - Prob. 8RQCh. 1 - List the steps in the scientific method with a...Ch. 1 - What misunderstanding causes some people to...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2ACCh. 1 - Review Alexander Flemings experiment that led to...Ch. 1 - Prob. 4ACCh. 1 - Prob. 5AC
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- A scientific approach to explaining some aspect of the natural world includes all of the following except _________. a. a hypothesis b. testing c. faith-based views d. systematic observationsarrow_forwardWhich of the following sequences represents the hierarchy of biological organization from the most complex to the least complex level? a. organelle, tissue, biosphere, ecosystem, population b. organ, organism, tissue, organelle, molecule c. organism, community, biosphere, molecule, tissue, organ d. biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, organismarrow_forwardWhat are the essential characteristics of science? Describe how evolu-tionary studies fit these characteristics whereas “scientific creation-ism” or “intelligent-design theory” does not.arrow_forward
- State whether the following statements are true or false. (a). A hypothesis must be testable and fasifiable. (b). Failure to falsify a hypothesis proves that hypothesis. (C) In the context of science, a law is general and can lead to new testable hypotheses.arrow_forwardThe scientific method is a set of techniques for gaining new knowledge about the world in which we live. However, these techniques come with a rigid set of rules that are sometimes misinterpreted. Identify the statements that accurately describe science and the scientific method. Scientific hypotheses are educated guesses that can be disproven by experiments. Science is a process that is limited to answering questions about the natural world. Science is a process that is not limited by the types of questions it can answer. Scientific findings can always be relied upon as fact. Scientific findings are based on carefully tested and scrutinized observations. Scientific theories are concrete and indisputable explanations for natural phenomena.arrow_forwardWhen doing science writing, it is okay to use direct quotes, phrases, or strings of words from another source as long as you give credit to that source. O Yes, science writing often includes direct quotes, phrases, or strings of words from other sources. These quotes are always carefully attributed to their source. O No, science writing does not include direct quotes, phrases, even strings of words from other sources. When doing science writing, you are expected to explain things in your own words. In-text citations allow you to use the ideas found in a source, but not its words.arrow_forward
- Following a scientific method, which of the following is the correct order of steps? A) Observation → Analysis → Hypothesis → Conclusion → Communicate results → Experiment B) Observation → Hypothesis → Experiment → Communicate results → Analysis → Conclusion C) Experiment → Hypothesis → Observation → Analysis → Conclusion → Communicate results D) Observation → Hypothesis → Experiment → Analysis → Conclusion → Communicate resultsarrow_forwardIn science, a theory is best defined as a(n) Select one: a. educated opinion about the natural world. b. explanation for a large number of findings in the natural world. c. personal understanding of natural laws. d. testable prediction about the natural world. e. speculation and opinion of facts.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not true of science?a. Science is based on the premise that all events can be traced to natural causes.b. Important science can be based on chance observations.c. A hypothesis is basically a wild guess.d. Scientific theories can potentially be disproved.arrow_forward
- Consider the steps involved in an experiment that uses the scientific method. Arrange the six given steps in the order in which they occur. One of the steps will not be used. First step of investigation Final step of investigation Answer Bank Share the results and conclusions of the experiment. Choose the data that are most likely to support the hypothesis and ignore the rest of the data. Conduct the experiment and collect the resulting data. Make observations that raise a question about some aspect of a natural phenomenon. Analyze the data collected in the experiment. Form a hypothesis that can answer the question about the natural phenomenon. Design an experiment that tests the hypothesis.arrow_forwardWhich statement below best describes the main difference between how scientists define data and hypotheses? Scientific hypotheses are testable observations whereas scientific data are verifiable or repeatable explanations of how nature works. Scientific hypotheses are repeatable or verifiable observations whereas scientific data are testable explanations of how nature works. Scientific data are certain whereas scientific hypotheses are uncertain and haven't been adequately tested. Scientific data are repeatable or verifiable observations whereas scientific hypotheses are testable explanations of how nature works. Scientific data are repeatable or verifiable explanations whereas scientific hypotheses are testable observations of how nature works.arrow_forwardMatch the following words with each definition. (Hypothesis, theory, fact) A)a tentative explanation for a natural phenomenon. B) a repeatedly observation that everyone can agree on. C.) a widely accepted explanation for a natural phenomenon.arrow_forward
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