Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: All reasonable resonance structures for the given species are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.
(b)
Interpretation: All reasonable resonance structures for the given species are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.
(c)
Interpretation: All reasonable resonance structures for the given species are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.
(d)
Interpretation: All reasonable resonance structures for the given species are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.
(e)
Interpretation: All reasonable resonance structures for the given species are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.
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Organic Chemistry
- Bond Enthalpy When atoms of the hypothetical element X are placed together, they rapidly undergo reaction to form the X2 molecule: X(g)+X(g)X2(g) a Would you predict that this reaction is exothermic or endothermic? Explain. b Is the bond enthalpy of X2 a positive or a negative quantity? Why? c Suppose H for the reaction is 500 kJ/mol. Estimate the bond enthalpy of the X2 molecule. d Another hypothetical molecular compound, Y2(g), has a bond enthalpy of 750 kJ/mol, and the molecular compound XY(g) has a bond enthalpy of 1500 kJ/mol. Using bond enthalpy information, calculate H for the following reaction. X2(g)+Y2(g)2XY(g) e Given the following information, as well as the information previously presented, predict whether or not the hypothetical ionic compound AX is likely to form. In this compound, A forms the A+ cation, and X forms the X anion. Be sure to justify your answer. Reaction: A(g)+12X2(g)AX(s)The first ionization energy of A(g) is 400 kJ/mol. The electron affinity of X(g) is 525 kJ/mol. The lattice energy of AX(s) is 100 kJ/mol. f If you predicted that no ionic compound would form from the reaction in Part e, what minimum amount of AX(s) lattice energy might lead to compound formation?arrow_forwardWhat is meant by a chemical bond? Why do atoms form bonds with each other? Why do some elements exist as molecules in nature instead of as free atoms?arrow_forwardWrite the Lewis structure for each molecule.a. CH2O b. C2Cl4arrow_forward
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- Write an appropriate Lewis structure for each compound. Make certain to distinguish between ionic and molecular compounds.a. BI3 b. K2Sc. HCFO d. PBr3arrow_forward5. Write the chemical formula that results when the following pairs of ions combine to form an ionic bond. a. Sr2* and 02- b. Mn4 and O2- C. Lit and CI- d. Cst+ and Sz-arrow_forward2. Avogadro does not "waste" his time drawing a Lewis structure before determining the shape of PF3. He thinks that the shape of PF3 must be trigonal planar because there are three fluorine atoms bonded to the central phosphorus atom. a. Draw the Lewis structure for PF3. b. Was Avogadro's answer for the shape of a PF3 molecule correct? Explain c. Why is it important to draw the Lewis structure for a molecule before identifying the shape of the molecule?arrow_forward
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