Concept explainers
Your lab coordinator has decided to grow and maintain a sourdough starter. A sourdough starter is a live, on-going culture of yeast that is grown in flour, water, and a bit of sugar. It is used as an ingredient in some types of bread. Initially when the ingredients were mixed together the mixture appeared dead. After a while, it began to bubble and foam and then it tripled in volume. Eventually it stopped bubbling. Every week it is maintained by "feeding” it fresh flour every week. Over time, it will start to develop a 'sour' taste when it is used to make bread.
This is the question
A sourdough starter is "fed" flour and water every week to keep it alive.Each week, some of the starter can be removed and used for baking bread.It is added to bread dough to add flavour. The older the starter, the stronger the flavour.
What causes the 'sour' taste?
Step by stepSolved in 2 steps
- The graph shows the number of microbial cells (log scale) against time in a liquid culture. In which stage(s) are the cells growing and dividing? A, B, and C B and C A Barrow_forwardConditions for an average autoclave run are and bacterial endospores. 21 degrees C/5 psi/5 minutes; will destroy 121 degrees C/15 psi/15-20 minutes; will destroy 100 degrees F/100 psi/12 minutes/ will not destroy 212 degrees F/60 psi/60 minutes; will not destroyarrow_forwardYou have several different media onto which you inoculated eight strains of yeast (A-H). The media include a rich medium, an unsupplemented minimal medium, and minimal media each supplemented with one vitamin. Of the yeast strains, one is a prototroph and seven are auxotrophs for a vitamin. After overnight incubation, the following results were observed (tan patches represent growth): D plate 1 (A) B DE F GH plate 5 plate 4 plate 6 Which plate contains an unsupplemented minimal medium? [Select] Which plate contains a rich medium? [Select] plate 2 Which strain is a prototroph? [Select] Strain E is an auxotroph for niacin. Which plate reveals this specific auxotrophy? [ Select] plate 3 plate 7 One strain is an auxotroph for both choline and pantothenic acid. Which one is this most likely to be? [Select]arrow_forward
- Your first task in the lab is to learn how to culture these cells and begin expanding the culture (increasing the # of cells) so that you may later conduct experiments on them. You take two aliquots, each with an equal number of cells, and place them in two different culture vessels, one is a sealed airtight flask (culture 1) and the other is an open topped culture dish (culture 2). You provide both with the same growth media that contains their preferred fuel source, glucose. Will one of these cultures (#1 or #2 as described above) need to have their media changed more frequently than the other? (Yes or No) If yes, which culture will need to have its media changed more often and why? If no, why not?arrow_forwardBeer is produced by yeast fermentation of grain to ethanol. Why must the process of beer production be anaerobic?arrow_forwardA lab technician is working with a bacterium in pure culture (in 5 ml of liquid media in a test tube). The bacterium is a mesophile that can infect humans. Which of the following is NOT true (with regards to temperature conditions for this bacterial culture)? Lowering the temperature to -10 deg C for at least an hour will likely kill all the bacteria. Placing the tube at 37 deg C will likely facilitate rapid growth of the bacteria. Raising the temperature to 90 deg C for at least an hour will likely kill all the bacteria. Placing the tube at 4 deg C will likely slow or halt growth of the bacteria.arrow_forward
- What cell types would be able to grow on the ECM in the following situations? F- , Hfr , Mix a) Streptomycin was not added to the ECM. b) The ECM contains thiamine. c) The ECM contains all 20 amino acids and all 5 nitrogenous nucleic acid basesarrow_forwardWhy does the pH of the cooking medium influence the texture of cooked fruits and vegetables? What cookery methods need to be employed to ensure adequate, but not excessive softening of cells?arrow_forwardAll of the following are valid measurements of growth except: A. Counting viable cells B. Estimating the weight of cells C. Determining the dry weight of cells D. Streaking for single colonies E. Measuring some cellular component F. Counting the total number of cellsarrow_forward
- As a technologist in the brewing industry, your job is to research and develop ways to improve the yield and quality of brewed beverages. You are responsible for growing and maintaining the particular strain of microorganism that is used in the fermentation of beverages. Name 2 environmental factors that would affect the growth of this organism and which you will need to optimize for abundant growth of your organism.arrow_forwardB) A total of 2.5 x 105 cells were harvested from the patient. You need the cells to fill a scaffold with dimensions of 20mm x 20mm x 4mm at a final density of 2 x 104 cells/mm³. After culturing the harvested cells, you found that they have a doubling time of 36 hours. Determine the total number of cells (N) needed to fill the scaffold. Show your work.arrow_forwardB) A total of 2.5 x 105 cells were harvested from the patient. You need the cells to fill a scaffold with dimensions of 20mm x 20mm x 4mm at a final density of 2 x 104 cells/mm³. After culturing the harvested cells, you found that they have a doubling time of 36 hours. Given the growth rate is proportional to the number of cells, determine the time it will take to achieve the desired cell count. Show your work.arrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education