Why does muscle CAP Amp for both the normal Ringer's solution and Ringer's solution with Neostigmine increased as the stimulus amplitude increased, but a normal Ringer's solution would have a larger muscle CAP Amp value? Why is this the same case for a CAP Period as stimulus amplitude increases?. Why would Muscle CAP Period values for Ringer's with NEO then have larger values. Why does a normal Ringer's solution take longer to reach maximum action potential ?

Why does muscle CAP Amp for both the normal Ringer's solution and Ringer's solution with Neostigmine increased as the stimulus amplitude increased, but a normal Ringer's solution would have a larger muscle CAP Amp value? Why is this the same case for a CAP Period as stimulus amplitude increases?. Why would Muscle CAP Period values for Ringer's with NEO then have larger values. Why does a normal Ringer's solution take longer to reach maximum action potential ?

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter8: Muscle Physiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4TAHL

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Explain the intracellular mechansim of smooth muscle relaxation of agaonist such as mepyrimine and atropine. Give diagram for each.
Explain the intracellular mechansim of smooth muscle relaxation of agaonist such as mepyrimine and atropine.
The single-fiber twitch experiments shown here were generated by stimulating the muscle cell membranes to threshold with an electrode and measuring the resulting action potential and force. How would the results differ if Ca21 were removed from the extracellular solution just before the electrical stimulus was applied?
In the rare neuromuscular disorder Myasthenia Gravis, autoantibodies are produced which inhibit acetylcholine receptor (nicotinic receptor) activity. Explain how inhibition of acetylcholine receptor activity at the neuromuscular junction will affect the sequence of events in muscular excitation and contraction in response to stimuli, and muscle function? (Mention the effects on all the significant events involved in excitation and contraction of muscles, and how it would affect muscle function).
In the acetylcholine receptor saturation curve plotting the effect on smooth muscle contraction below, the antagonist is most likely: Agonist Alone Antagonist + More Antagonist log (Dose) an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor an inverse agonist a competitive antagonist a non-competitive antagonist Effect
Acetylcholine-gated cation channels at the neu-romuscular junction open in response to acetylcholinereleased by the nerve terminal and allow Na+ ions to enterthe muscle cell, which causes membrane depolarizationand ultimately leads to muscle contraction.A. Patch-clamp measurements show that young ratmuscles have cation channels that respond to acetylcho-line (Figure Q11–4). How many kinds of channel are there?How can you tell?B. For each kind of channel, calculate the number ofions that enter in one millisecond. (One ampere is a cur-rent of one coulomb per second; one pA equals 10–12ampere. An ion with a single charge such as Na+ carries acharge of 1.6 × 10–19 coulomb.)
Succinylcholine act as adepolarising agent that prevents repolarization of the somatic motor neuron. Thus, no further ACh is released until drug is cleared. Name another site within the MNJ we could target to prevent muscle contraction, and explain why this would work.
Discuss the similarities and differences by which Ca2+ activity is involved in initiating muscle contraction in skeletal versus smooth muscle fibers (hint: include Ca2+ sources, proteins it binds to, and signaling cascade it activates leading to contraction).
Explain in detail Muscarinic receptors in regards to the hisamine agonist. How do they cause smooth muscle contraction. Provide mechanism
Explain how optimal skeletal muscle force (high muscle tension) can be achieved during a high intensity exercise. (Mention and explain how wave summation, motor recruitment summation, muscle length, and type of muscle fibers activated can affect muscle force).
Hill's equation gives a relation between muscle contraction rates νν and muscle tension TT (T+α)(ν+β)=(T0+α)β(T+α)(ν+β)=(T0+α)β for positive parameters αα and ββ and resting tension T0T0. Rewrite the equation so that the contraction rate is a function of tension.
As mentioned in class, one additional major use of ATP in skeletal muscle (besides powering the myosin heads) is the recycling of calcium ions back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum after depolarization. The resting concentration of Ca++ in the muscle cell cytoplasm is about 50-100 nM, and the spike concentration after depolarization is about 10-20 μΜ. a) Consider a single sarcomere. What is the number of free calcium ions within the sarcomere at rest? What is the number of free calcium ions after depolarization? b) The major ion pump responsible for calcium ion recycling is SERCA (sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase). SERCA uses one molecule of ATP to pump two calcium ions, and the resting level can be restored in about 10-20 ms. How many molecules of ATP are used in a single sarcomere for pumping calcium in a single "twitch"? c) Assume that a single "twitch" is sufficient to drive one sarcomere from its fully extended length (about 2.5 µm) to its fully contracted length (about 1…