Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
Bartleby Related Questions Icon

Related questions

Question

Why do you think two signals are required for B- and T-cell activation but only one signal is required for activation of an APC?

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Step 1

A cell that displays antigen bound by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins on its surface is known as an antigen-presenting cell (APC) or accessory cell. The T cell receptors on T cells may be able to identify these complexes. T-cells are presented with antigens by APCs. Antigens can be presented in various ways by nearly all cell types. They can be found in many different types of tissue. 

Step 2

Antigen-activated B cells can also deliver the requisite costimulatory molecules to activate the T cell's CD28 receptor, in addition to their ability to choose antigen-correct T cells. To activate 56 T cells, you'll need two signals. The first signal is delivered by their antigen receptor, whereas the second signal is provided by APCs such as monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, or B cells, and is commonly provided by CD28. T cells do not mount an immune response to self-antigens because of the two-signaling requirement. T cells have no way of knowing which antigens are harmful and which are not. 

bartleby

Step by stepSolved in 3 steps

Blurred answer
Knowledge Booster
Background pattern image
Biology
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Text book image
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Text book image
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Text book image
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Text book image
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Text book image
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Text book image
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education