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Why do K-selected species tends to be successful in a climax community? Why? (answer in minimum of 500 words)
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- Why do r-selected species tends to be successful in a pioneer community? Why? (answer in minimum of 500 words)For the article "Effects of an invasive predator cascade to plants via mutualism disruption" (https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14557) answer the following points: - Summarize the results - What did the author(s) conclude about the question or pattern based on the data? - What are the strengths/weaknesses of the study? What might you do as a follow-up?Biologically, what conditions are necessary for stable coexistence of competitors? Describe the major ways that species can adapt to enhance the probability of stable coexistence.
- Corn undergoes C4 photosynthesis and does not fix nitrogen, whereas Alfalfa is a nitrogen-fixing plant that utilizes C3 photosynthesis. Both species are equally watered. What can you interpret from this dN/dt vs. N plot given the biculture and monoculture treatments for each species (alfalfa & corn)? Biculture: Both corn & alfalfa grown together in the same pot Monoculture: Corn & alfalfa grown in separate potsWhen asynptote in a logistic growth curve is obtained ?Explain the premise of the Lotka-Volterra Competition Model and what it tells us about the competitive exclusion principle
- The graph shows the rate of transpiration (Est) for four plant species. Nothofagus dombeyi was the species that showed the highest value of transpiration and is considered a fast-growing pioneer species, while Laureliopsis philippiana had a lower transpiration and is a slow-growing species to spare. How do these characteristics relate to the transpiration shown on the graph? 0.10 0.08 b 0.07- 0.06 11 0.05 b' 4 0.04 0.03 0.02 N. dombeyi Est (I cm-2dia-¹) 0.09 0.01 0.00 E. cordifolia G. avellana с L. philippiana 3.0 -2.5 -2.0 1.5 1.0 Ax:Ag (%) - 0.5 0.0In constructing a mathematical model for population growth of tilapia grown in fishpens, which factor(s) may be included in model.For a pathogen of interest there is a potential probiotic (the adjacent phase plane diagram depicts the interaction of these two species: orange = pathogen; blue = probiotic). Currently the carrying capacities are K1 competition coefficients are o12 = 0.6, 021 = 0.9 (1 pathogen, 2 probiotic). Which of the following would be a good strategy to make the probiotic more effective at eliminating the pathogen? -550, K2 = 700; and the %3D %3D 1000 800 600 400 200 200 400 600 800 1000 Species 1 (#) ONo further engineering is needed because thereis a steady state point Increase K1 to shift the Nrintercept outfor the pethogen Decrease o12 lo shift the N-Intercept up lor the pathogen (Increase K2 to shift the N intercept up for the probiotic
- Draw on one graph, with N2 on the y-axis and N1 on the x-axis, the isoclines for the twocompetitors with the carrying capacities and competition coefficients listed below. Will thesespecies coexist? If not, which species will win? Competitor 1 Competitor 2 K1 = 200, α12 = 0.4 K2 = 400, α21 =1Which statement about the classic competition experiments involving two Paramecium species is FALSE? The experiment involved interspecific competition. The experiment involved exploitation competition. Each species, when grown alone, exhibited logistic growth. When grown together, the species exhibited logistic growth, but each reached a lower carrying capacity than when it was grown alone.For each of the following indirect interactions, what is the sign of the effect. ochre sea star C = ? A= ?, B= ? + gooseneck bargacle whelk chiton + mussel acorn barrfacle coral weed black pine Primary Producers nori seaweed A (effect of sea stars on primary producers) + (positive) B (effect of whelks on primary producers) + (positive) C (effect of sea stars on whelks) + (positive)