Which of the following statements is FALSE? (Choose the best answer)O Neurons in the nervous system use electrical and chemical synapses to communicate between neurons and their targetcells.Chemical synapses allow presynaptic neurons to excite or inhibit the postsynaptic neurons.O Electrical synapses allow presynaptic neurons to excite or inhibit the postsynaptic neurons.O Electrical synapses allow direct exchanges of both electric current and cytoplasmic contents.A single neuron uses either the electrical or chemical synapses to communicate with its target cells.

Synapses are the contact region between the axon terminal of the first neuron and dendrites of the…

Which of the following statements is FALSE? (Choose the best answer) O Neurons in the nervous system use electrical and chemical synapses to communicate between neurons and their target cells. O Chemical synapses allow presynaptic neurons to excite or inhibit the postsynaptic neurons. Electrical synapses allow presynaptic neurons to excite or inhibit the postsynaptic neurons. Electrical synapses allow direct exchanges of both electric current and cytoplasmic contents. O A single neuron uses either the electrical or chemical synapses to communicate with its target cells.

Which of the following statements is FALSE? (Choose the best answer) O Neurons in the nervous system use electrical and chemical synapses to communicate between neurons and their target cells. O Chemical synapses allow presynaptic neurons to excite or inhibit the postsynaptic neurons. Electrical synapses allow presynaptic neurons to excite or inhibit the postsynaptic neurons. Electrical synapses allow direct exchanges of both electric current and cytoplasmic contents. O A single neuron uses either the electrical or chemical synapses to communicate with its target cells.

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter4: Principles Of Neural And Hormonal Communication

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3TAHL

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Which of the following statements are true with regards to the differences between a neuromuscular junction, and a standard central nervous system (CNS) synapse? Select all that apply. O The neuromuscular junction is a synapse between a neuron (alpha motor neuron) and a muscle fibre. CNS synapses connect two neurons. The graded potential generated by a neuromuscular junction has a much larger voltage than that of a CNS synapse. The structure of the neuromuscular junction ensures that an action potential in the alpha motor neuron always results in an action potential in the post-synaptic muscle fibre. CNS synapses do not guarantee this. The neuromuscular junction always uses Acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter, whereas CNS synapses may use a variety of neurotransmitters depending on their location and function
Chemical synapses in the nervous system :-a- allow diffusion of chemical substances form the presynaptic neuron into the postsynaptic neuronb- allow transmission of potential changes in one direction only; from the presynaptic to the postsynaptic neuronsc- have potential-gated ionic channelsd- are more numerous in the peripheral nervous system than the central nervous system
A post-synaptic membrane O must be cell body membrane. O must be dendrite membrane. O can be either axon or cell body membrane. O can be either axon or dendrite membrane. O must be axon membrane. Neurotransmitters are molecules that cross the synaptic cleft and O either excite or inhibit the postsynaptic neuron. O always inhibit the postsynaptic neuron. O integrate the presynaptic action potential. O are carried along the membrane surface of the next neuron. O always excite the postsynaptic neuron. The likely effect on a neuron of two excitatory signals and twenty inhibitory signals is O confused integration. O transmission of a nerve impulse releasing excitatory neurotransmitters at the next synapse. O prohibiting the axon from firing at all. O transmission of a nerve impulse. O transmission of a nerve impulse releasing inhibitory neurotransmitters at the next synapse.
What is the difference between an action potential and a synapse? (select all that apply) The action potential moves down the axon and a synapse is between neurons. The synapse travels long distances and the action potential can only travel short distances. The action potential starts at the dendrites and the synapse starts at the ахon. The action potential is always the same and the synaptic potentials vary. the action potential involves only the postsynaptic neuron, but the synapse involves both the pre- and post-synaptic neurons.
O It prevents action potentials from occurring. O It prevents local potentials from occurring. O It prevents the membrane potential from returning to normal. O It prevents exocytosis of neurotransmitter. Once a pre-synaptic neuron has stopped firing, all of the following will stop the local potential in the post-synaptic neuron except: the neurotransmitter must diffuse away the neurotransmitter spontaneously dissolves the neurotransmitter is taken back up by the pre-synaptic neuron the neurotransmitter is destroyed in the synapse Acetylcholinesterase (ACHE), the enzyme which breaks down acetylcholine (ACh), is inhibited by many common pesticides. Which of the following is likely to occur as a result? the pre-synaptic neuron will become hyperpolarized it will cause hyperpolarization in the post-synaptic neuron post-synaptic neurons will not be able to stop producing action potentials Unontic neurons will not be able to start producing action potentials
At a chemical synapse, what happens? O action potentials are propagated more quickly than at an electrical synapse O the postsynaptic neuron converts an electrical signal into a chemical signal O the presynaptic neuron converts an electrical signal into a chemical signal O two cells communicate directly via connections at gap junction O there is a synaptic delay of about 3 seconds as the neurotransmitter crosses the synaptic cleft < Previous
Which of the following would you predict would happen if you limited the amount of ATP to a neuron in the lab while observing its function? O The action potential could be initiated but would not propagate along its axon. O The sodium and potassium channels would all be closed. O Prevention of the normal resting potential of neurons O The membrane would become more permeable to sodium. MacBook Pro Q #3 & 3. 6. %24
Which of the following does NOT contribute to the establishment or maintenance of the neuron resting membrane potential? Oa sodium and potassium ions are actively transported across the cell membrane which maintains the resting membrane potential Ob. negatively charged proteins are inside the neuron and are not transported out Oc potassium ions are highly concentrated outside the cell and their are many potassium leakage channels in the membrane Od. sodium ions are more highly concentrated outside the cell and there are fewer sodium ion leakage channels in the membrane
Given that a neuron's action potential moved at a speed of 105 m/sec, would you expect this neuron to be myelinated or non-myelinated? Why? Choose the best answer. O non-myelinated because the absence of myelin tends to allow neurons to transmit signals faster O myelinated because the absence of myelin tends to allow neurons to transmit signals faster O both myelinated and non-myelinated types of neurons are capable of transmitting signals at the rate Next « Previous
When a postsynaptic neuron is adequately stimulated, action potentials develop at the initial segment of the axon because :-a- it contains many voltage-gated Na + channelsb- it contains the highest concentration of ligand-gated cation channelsc- it contains many voltage-gated Ca ++ channelsd- it is more sensitive to the direct stimulant effect of neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters, the chemicals used in signaling across synapses, can be either re-absorbed by the pre-synaptic neuron OR hydrolyzed after release by enzymes. Acetylcholine (ACh), the neurotransmitter at neuromuscular junctions, is broken down by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and then its component parts are re-absorbed. Sarin gas is an extremely dangerous neurotoxin that has been utilized in terrorism and chemical warfare. It is known as a "nerve gas" because it blocks AChE. Based on your understanding of the neuromuscular junction and hydrolitic enzymes, hypothesize how sarin gas le ads to paralysis and nerve damage in the people to whom it is exposed.
Researchers have designed a neuron that's unable to produce and release neurotransmitters. Can that neuron still have an action potential? Choose the answer with the correct answer and the correct reasoning. O No, action potentials need neurotransmitters to increase message speed O No, a neuron can't receive messages without its own neurotransmitters O No, a lack of neurotransmitters would leave a neuron unmyelinated O No, action potentials don't occur in the axon O Yes, action potentials don't require neurotransmitters: