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Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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
Transcribed Image Text:Phalaropes are shore birds with brightly colored females and dull colored males. Females are larger than
males and compete with each other for access to males. Considering sexual selection theory, select the idea(s)
below that seem(s) most plausible in light of the pattern of sexual dimorphism? Pick all that apply
This is a picture of a brightly colored female:
O Females incubate eggs and care for the young.
Males incubate eggs and care for the young
Males are choosy.
males are not choosy
Expert Solution
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- EVOLUTION LINK Could hawthorn and apple maggot flies be considered an example of assortative mating, which was discussed in Chapter 19? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardDescribe the advantage of using an aural or pheromone signal to attract a mate as opposed to a visual signal. How might the population density contribute to the evolution of aural or visual mating rituals?arrow_forwardWhy are polyandrous mating systems more rare than polygynous matings? Only males are capable of multiple rounds of reproduction within a single breeding season Only females care for the young Females usually experience more intrasexual selection pressure than males Females usually devote more energy to offspring production and development.arrow_forward
- What might be a disadvantage to temperature-dependent sex determination?arrow_forwardExplain the advantage that populations of sexually reproducing organisms have over asexually reproducing organisms?arrow_forwardThe sacrifice of the life of an individual so that the genes of relatives may be passed on is called ____ ___________ . operant learning kin selection kinesis imprintingarrow_forward
- INTERPRET DATA Look at the two graphs in Figure 52-21. In which experiment did the parentals in the experimental group guard the eggs more closely? In which experiment did the experimental parentals guard the young more closely? Account for these differences. RESULTS: Experiment 1: As indicated on the y-axis, which measures level of parental care, parentals reduced their level of guarding the eggs. Eight of the males in the experimental group abandoned their nests, and egg defense was significantly lower in this group compared with that in the control group. However, after eggs hatched, there was little difference in parental care of the young between the two groups. Experiment 2: During the egg phase, there was little difference in level of parental care between experimental and control groups. However, after eggs hatched, the experimental parentals significantly decreased their level of guarding the nest. CONCLUSION: Male bluegill sunfish adjust their level of parental care according to their level of perceived paternity. In Experiment 1, parentals provided less care when they perceived that the eggs may have been fertilized by sneaker males. After the eggs hatched, olfactory cues indicated that the offspring were indeed their own, and their level of care increased. In Experiment 2, parentals cared for the eggs even though some had been swapped. However, after they hatched, olfactory cues from the offspring indicated that they were not the parentals own offspring. The level of parental care decreased significantly. SOURCE: B.D. Neff, Nature, Vol. 422 (April 17, 2003): 716719. Figure 52-21 Decisions about parental carearrow_forwardDescribe the two events that are common to all sexually reproducing organisms and how they fit into the different life cycles of those organisms.arrow_forwardPerfect pitch is the ability to identify a note when it is sounded. In a study of this behavior, perfect pitch was found to predominate in females (24 out of 35 in one group). In one group of seven families, individuals in each family had perfect pitch. In two of those families, the affected individuals included a parent and a child. In another group of three families, three or more members (up to five) of each had perfect pitch, and in all three families, two generations were involved. Given this information, what, if any, conclusions can you draw about whether this behavioral trait might be genetic? How would you test your conclusion? What further evidence would be needed to confirm your conclusion?arrow_forward
- EVOLUTION LINK What is the common ground between evolutionary biologists and developmental biologists who have adopted the perspective known as Evo Devo?arrow_forwardFor centuries, animal breeders have used artificial selection to increase the speed of racehorses. The results of such efforts are illustrated in a graph that identifies how quickly winning horses ran the 1-mile track at the Kentucky Derby, a famous race held annually at Churchill Downs, Kentucky. (The time it takes a horse to run a track of fixed length is inversely proportional to the horses speed.) Based on the data in the graph, has artificial selection increased the speed of horses consistently between 1900 and 2000? Do you think that artificial selection can increase the speed of racehorses in the future?arrow_forwardPREDICT You study males in populations of a certain species of minnows in a series of lakes at different latitudes. You find that they exhibit clinal variation in average weight at maturity and hypothesize that the weight differences are due to genetic factors. What might you predict about the average weights at maturity of representatives of each population reared in aquaria if your hypothesis is correct?arrow_forward
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