Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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**Understanding Emission of Visible Light from Metal Ions in a Bunsen Burner Flame**

When a metal ion is placed into a Bunsen burner flame, you may observe the following phenomena regarding the emission of visible light. Here are some statements to consider:

1. **All the cations you test in the flame will produce an emission in the visible range.**
   - This statement suggests that when different metal cations are exposed to the flame, they emit light that can be seen with the naked eye.

2. **The heat energy from the burner excites the outermost electron to a higher orbital where it is unstable.**
   - Here, the heat from the Bunsen burner is responsible for energizing electrons, causing them to jump to higher energy levels or orbitals. These excited states are unstable.

3. **A sodium ion will produce a bright yellow flame.**
   - This indicates that sodium ions are known to emit a characteristic bright yellow color when heated in a flame, which is commonly used to identify the presence of sodium.

4. **The color observed corresponds to the energy difference between electron orbitals.**
   - The observed flame color is a result of the energy emitted when excited electrons fall back to their original or lower energy states. The specific color corresponds to the specific energy difference between these states.

The described process is fundamental in understanding how flame tests can be used to identify various metals based on their emission spectra.
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Transcribed Image Text:**Understanding Emission of Visible Light from Metal Ions in a Bunsen Burner Flame** When a metal ion is placed into a Bunsen burner flame, you may observe the following phenomena regarding the emission of visible light. Here are some statements to consider: 1. **All the cations you test in the flame will produce an emission in the visible range.** - This statement suggests that when different metal cations are exposed to the flame, they emit light that can be seen with the naked eye. 2. **The heat energy from the burner excites the outermost electron to a higher orbital where it is unstable.** - Here, the heat from the Bunsen burner is responsible for energizing electrons, causing them to jump to higher energy levels or orbitals. These excited states are unstable. 3. **A sodium ion will produce a bright yellow flame.** - This indicates that sodium ions are known to emit a characteristic bright yellow color when heated in a flame, which is commonly used to identify the presence of sodium. 4. **The color observed corresponds to the energy difference between electron orbitals.** - The observed flame color is a result of the energy emitted when excited electrons fall back to their original or lower energy states. The specific color corresponds to the specific energy difference between these states. The described process is fundamental in understanding how flame tests can be used to identify various metals based on their emission spectra.
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