Which of the following is true of innate behaviors that are described as instincts? A. Instincts aren’t governed by genetics, while innate behaviors are, B. Instincts are governed by genetics, while innate behaviors are not, C. Instincts are sudden, situational behaviors, D. Instincts are complex series of innate behaviors

A. The idea associated with the belief that all species could be arranged from primitive to advanced, and that the differences between adjacent organisms were slight, is: a. Essentialism. b. Great Chain of Being. c. Catastrophism. d. Uniformitarianism. B. Which of the following is a feature that characterizes the "anthropological perspective" and sets anthropology apart from other social sciences disciplines? a. It uses scientific methods to understand humanity. b. It is the only discipline that studies human subjects. c. It studies humans from different times AND different cultures. d. It sees humans as biological organisms.

Biologists sometimes say that “natural selection depends on the specific environment where a species lives.” What does this statement mean? A) A) If populations of a species are in different environments, traits that individuals need to meet their needs in each environment will appear.   B) Traits can be helpful or harmful. If populations of a species are in different environments, some traits that are helpful in one environment might be harmful in another environment.   C) Traits are always either helpful or harmful, and the environment of a population doesn’t matter. If populations of a species are in different environments, the same traits will always be helpful.   D) Species were formed to perfectly match their environment. The traits of individuals in a species depend on the specific environment in which they were created.

Describe the acquisition curve and the factors influencing acquisition in classical conditioning?

Types of Selection Match each situation to the type of selection most likely to occur. NOTE: If you want to change your selection, you'll need to delete the one you already chose. After you delete it, the list of choices will pop back up and you can make a different choice. Rabbits with medium colored fur blend into the background, but very light or very dark fur colors are easier for predators to spot. disruptive selection Drab colored guppies are less likely to be eaten by predators, but brightly colored males are preferred by females. sexual selection Butterflies with small wings can easily find hiding places to escape predators. Butterflies with large wings can fly higher and faster to directional selection stabilizing selection escape predators. A species of rodent is vulnerable to cold weather when small, but able to keep warm when large.

We often observe the evolutionary loss of “useless” organs, such as the eyes in many cave-dwelling animals. a) Provide two different hypotheses to explain this loss: an adaptive and a nonadaptive hypothesis.  b) How might these hypotheses be tested? Describe what type of data you would need to collect, or potential experiments.

Which of the following is the best description of sexual selection?   a. Sexual selection is the differential reproductive success due to variation in acquiring immunity from mates.       b. Sexual selection is the differential reproductive success due to variation in survival from social selection.       c. Sexual selection is the differential reproductive success due to variation in acquiring mates or mating success.       d. Sexual selection is the differential survival success due to variation in avoiding mates or mating success.

Suppose Inverness was considering offering a special add-on to its standard Dental insurance. For an additional 1 dollar a month a family could be fully covered for professional teeth whitening, something that normally would cost five thousand dollars a treatment. The whitening procedure would erase any stains that build up over time as a result of drinking too much coffee. Would this benefit create an adverse selection and/or moral hazard problem? If so explain why, and how the benefit could be better designed to address these issues.

The text explains that selective breeding involves breeding animals or plants for specific desirable traits. For example, humans bred different types of dogs to accomplish certain jobs. Farmers breed chickens for having meat and laying a greater amount of eggs. Cattle are often selectively bred either for more meat or for more milk production. The text also notes that breeding animals for size and strength interferes with natural animal processes. Based on this information presented in the text, who benefits from the traits different animals are bred for? a) humans breeding the animals b) the animals being bred by the humans c) both the humans breeding the animals and the animals being bred by the humans d) animals not being bred by humans

Prairie dogs exhibit a behavior that appears to be contrary to that of natural selection. One will act as a lookout for the others of the community, demonstrating a warning call when observing an eagle flying overhead. This loud noise calls attention to himself which puts him more in harms way than if he ran to hide discretely. However, the warning call allows the others of his community to react and protect themselves. This selfless act is an example of imprinting innate behavior altruistic behavior classical conditioning 500