Which of the following is not part of the neuroinflammatory process? a.) Release of TNF-alpha b.) Release of interleukin 1-beta c.) Release norepinephrine d.) Microglial activation

You give a drug intravenously that you think is a selective beta 1 receptoragonist to a patient. Which of the following effect would you expect toobserve?A)Increased heart rateB)Decreased renin secretionC)Increased central venous pressureD)Decreased contractilityE)Decreased cardiac output

Explain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect.  Which of the following examples below describes an autoimmune disease? a. Infection and death of T helper cells by a virus, resulting in a loss of adaptive immunity b. Release of bacterial endotoxins that block acetylcholine release result in muscle paralysis. c. Antibody binding to acetylcholine receptors of the motor end plate resulting in muscle weakness. d. Uncontrolled cell division resulting in cell surface abnormalities recognized by NK cells.

Activated helper T Cells participate in which of the following processes? a.) Differentiation of memory B cells b.) Activation of cytotoxic T Cells c.) Facilitation of macrophage phagocytosis d.) All of above

What type of tolerance is associated with changes to how drugs interact with our nervous system?   A. Neruological tolerance B. Physiological tolerance C. Metabolic tolerance D. Functional tolerance

It's the first day of university exams and Sarah has woken up with a sore throat, headache, muscle aches and a low grade fever. Her GP diagnoses her with a viral infection and tells her to go home, rest and drink plenty of fluids.Question 1A:Name one of the most likely innate immune system receptors to initially detect this infection and where in host cells this receptor is located? Question 1B: Which cytokine primarily drives the innate anti-viral host response? Question 1C: Describe the antiviral signaling events that take place inside an infected cell in response to this cytokine. Question 1D: Provide a biological explanation for why Sarah was more likely to suffer a viral infection during her period

Nerve growth factor binds to which type of receptor? a.) Receptor tyrosine phosphatases b.) Receptor Serine/Threonine Kinase c.) Receptor guanylyl cyclase d.) Receptor tyrosine kinase

When an antigen complex is bound to a Class I MHC molecule, it can stimulate a A) B cell. B) plasma cell. C) helper T cell. D) cytotoxic T cell. E) Antigen presenting cell.

Which of the following is false when considering the CCR5Δ32 mutation? a) The mutation prevents the entry of HIV-1 into a T cell. b) The deletion that produced CCR5Δ32 caused a frameshift which extends the length of the protein product. c) CCR5Δ32 prevents infection by HIV-1 in homozygotes but only delays the onset of HIV symptoms in heterozygotes. d) The protein product produced by CCR5Δ32 is altered in such a manner that it cannot embed in the cell membrane.

Which of the following destroys virus-infected cells?   Question 6 options:   A)  cytotoxic T cells   B)  B cells   C)  T helper cells   D)  dendritic cells