Which of the following is not a function of interleukin 1?  a.) triggering the production and release of leukocytes by Bone marrow  b.) stimulating the proliferation and differentiation of helper T cells  c.) Initiating sickness behaviors d.) inhibiting sympathetic activity

Q: Select all of the following that are functions performed by different antibodies. ( select all the…

A: Antibodies are also known as immunoglobulin (Ig) which are heavy globular proteins. They are…

Q: The first exposure of a person to an allergen results in the production of the IgE class of immut…

A: In the immune response, mast cells are essential, especially during allergic responses. During a…

Q: 1) Which line of defense are these immune response components part of? A) Complement: B)…

A: Immune system helps in protection of organism against disease.Immune system helps in detection and…

Q: 2. A 65-year-old man has a carcinoma. Study of the neoplasm shows absence of class I MHC molecules…

A: Introduction:-  Normal cells for express MHC 1 on them which helps in showing self tolerance to the…

Q: Use the following choices for the next set of questions. A choice may be used zero or more times:…

A: In molecular biology, CD4 is a glycoprotein that acts as a co-receptor for the T-cell receptor.…

Q: Which of the following statements are correct regarding NK cells? a)they are present in the blood…

A: Natural Killer (NK) cells are considered the cells of the innate immune system. It is a type of…

Q: In a blood transfusion, if the donor and recipient blood types are not matched correctly, it may…

A: Introduction: Anyone may experience an ABO incompatibility reaction when you receive the incorrect…

Q: In the laboratory you observe that IL-4 stimulates the proliferation of B cells, cytotoxic T cells…

A: Introduction: Cytokines are a group of proteins that serve as chemical messengers and are secreted…

Q: Which of the following is part of the T-cell clonal deletion process? a) T-cells are eliminated if…

A: T cell clonal deletion means deletion of B & T cells through the process of Apoptosis ( program…

Q: Which of the following is a non-organ-specific (systemic) autoimmune disease? a. Systemic lupus…

A: Sure, here are the reasons why the other options are incorrect: b. Hashimoto's thyroiditis…

Q: How does the thymus help the body avoid autoimmune responses? (A) By negatively selecting T cells…

A: The immune system is a complicated network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to…

Q: Regarding immune memory, which of the following is CORRECT:  a. immune memory only occurs after…

A: Note: Please note that in order to provide an accurate answer with explanation, and following the…

Q: Which of the following is NOT true of Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILCs)? A) Each ILC type responds to a…

A: Innate lymphoid cells are immune cells that mirror the phenotype and function of T cells. It…

Q: What does the highlighted structure do? A) develop T cells B) develop eosinophils C) develop B cells…

A: Leukocytes and erythrocytes originate from hematopoietic stem cells. B cells, T cells, eosinophils…

Q: A number of minor cancerous cells and infected viruses, such as Epstein Barr (EBV), are able to go…

A: Cytotoxic T cells or cytotoxic T lymphocytes are the type of T lymphocytes that plays a role in…

Q: 41) For the successful development of a vaccine to be used against a pathogen, it is necessary that…

A: Immunity is an organism's ability to resist and protect itself from potential threats such as…

Q: Which of the following statements best characterizes interferons?

A: Answer ; Option (A) is right. - Interferons are a nonspecific defense used to respond to viruses. -…

Q: Which statement is incorrect regarding Type IV Hypersensitivity? O A) T-helper cells are activated…

A: Contact dermatitis takes place when the skin comes in contact with an allergen directly. It results…

Q: These types of T cells regulate the function of B cells, T cells, and phagocytes: a. Suppressor T…

A: T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes (more often known as T cells and B cells) are the types of…

Q: Which of the following is not a characteristic of memory B cells a.) Secretion of a large amount of…

A: Memory B cells are a type of long-lived immune cell that develop after an initial exposure to an…

Q: A 40-year-old man with a complement deficiency agrees to participate in a clinical study of immune…

A: Introduction: The complement refers to a system of non-specific proteins found in normal human and…

Q: 6. Which two cytokines are the major cause of septic shock?

A: Septic shock is a serious problem that can happen when a disease in the body causes very low blood…

Q: Superantigensa) are exceptionally large antigen molecules.b) cause a very large antibody response.c)…

A: Super antigens can activate up to 20% of the body's total T-cells concentration.

Q: Human immune system     a) Pathogen-associated molecular patterns are conserved…

A: The objective of the question is to determine which of the given statements about the human immune…

Q: A table comparing the biological characteristics of the five classes of immunoglobulins is shown…

A: Immunoglobulins are also called as antibodies which are made by white blood cell (WBC)

Q: What is the appropriate response when antigen is presented on MHC class II molecules?a) An effector…

A: APCs stands for antigen-presenting cells. They are a large group of a variety of cells that trigger…

Q: Indicate to which branch(es) of the immune system the following statements apply, using H for the…

A: The human body may aim its defense against dangerous agents including bacteria, viruses, and poisons…

Q: BCR and TCR (alpha/beta) development share which of the following properties? a) Receptor assembled…

A: Option e) is correct, i.e., all of these features are shared.The following characteristics are…

Q: ic T cells can kill virus-infected cells. ic T cells respond to antigen bound to MHC class I…

A: T lymphocytes are a type of lymphocyte. T cells are one of the immune system's most important white…

Q: When a helper T cell releases interleukin-1 to stimulate surrounding leukocytes, interleukin-1 is…

A: Several organs and processes of the body, which provide defiances from infection and toxins. The…

Q: Which of the following determine what specific antigens B cells can recognize and bind? a) The type…

A: The immune cells are the defense cells that protect the body from invaders. The cells of the immune…

Q: 7. The major innate cell type to eliminate viral-infected cells are A). NK cells B). Neutrophils C).…

A: When the body is exposed to a dangerous foreign material, innate immunity arises as the body's…

Q: mty Match each lettered term with the most closely related description. a. opsonization 1 Two…

A: immune system protect the child's body from any external invaders. These invaders are germs,…

Q: Explain the typical immunophenotypic features of peripheral B cells in: (i) X-linked…

A: X-linked agammaglobulinemia  also called XLA - is an inherited (genetic) immune system disorder that…

Q: Define the following terms:a. T cellsb. B cellsc. cellular immunityd. humoral immunitye.…

A: Step 1 Hello. Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If…

Q: A flu-infected cell has down-regulated its MHC class I expression. The lymphocytes below comes to…

A: MHC class I molecules: These are cell surface recognition elements. These are expressed on virtually…

Q: Where are the viral proteins made? B) Describe the process by which viral proteins are broken down…

A: Note: since you have posted a question with multiple subparts, so we will be solving the first one…

Q: Considering the mechanisms of innate immunity, which of the following pairs is accurately matched?…

A: The objective of the question is to identify the correct pair that accurately describes the role of…

Q: Explain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect.  Which of the following examples below…

A: An autoimmune disease is a condition in which your immune system erroneously attacks your body. The…

Q: which of the following cells secrete cytokines that activate B cells, T cells, and macrophages? a. T…

A: The immune cells can be categorized into neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, monocytes,…

Q: What kind of cell carries an IgM antibody? a)Mast cell b) B cells c)Helper T cell d) Killer T cell

A: Hi! Thank you for the question. As you have posted multiple questions, I will be answering the first…

Q: Select all of the following that are functions performed by different antibodies. a) Group of…

A: Functions performed by different antibodies:- c) Blocking the ability of a pathogen to bind to a…

Q: Of the following, which should NOT occur in order to facilitate T-cell selection in the thymus?…

A: T-cells are the part of immune system that kills the foreign pathogen in specific manner. It is…

Q: Which of the following is TRUE about B cells? A. are lymphocytes B. become mature in the thymus…

A: B lymphocytes: It is named after its site of development n the bone marrow of humans or bursa of…

Q: Which of the following activates non-specific immune responses?  a.) Pathogen-associated molecular…

A: Immune response It refers to the ability of the body to prevent itself from any infection caused by…

Q: you need a flu shot every year/season because (HA-haemoagglutinin; NA-neuroaminidase) A) the virus…

A: The viruses are constantly changing. So to keep yourself protected it is utmost important to get…

Q: When an antigen complex is bound to a Class I MHC molecule, it can stimulate a A) B cell. B) plasma…

A: MHC or major histocompatibility complex molecules are glycoproteins which are encoded in a large…

Q: John was bitten by a honey bee and within minutes there was an increase in blood to the site of the…

A: Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening allergic reaction.  This occurs within a minute or second when a…