Which of the following is characteristic of the lytic cycle? a) The virus-host relationship usually lasts for generations Ob) The viral genome replicates by destroying the host cell Oc) A single phage being released at a time d) Viral DNA is incorporated into the host genome

Q: Why is it easier to target a single mutant versus multiple mutants in the virus?

A: A virus is an infection-causing microbial agent that replicates inside a living cell of an organism.…

Q: What is the typical reproduction cycle of a DNA virus?

A: DNA viruses have a protein coat to surround their genomic DNA. These viruses might have a…

Q: How is a provirus related to disease symptoms?         A-the provirus continually lyses cells,…

A: A virus, an unseen microorganism, infiltrates our body. It infiltrates our tissues and then…

Q: What method is used by bacteriophages to release from the infected host cell? O 1) budding O 2)…

A: Answer is option 4.)lysis.

Q: After your immune system subdues the virus, you wake up in sweaty clothes. i) Explain generally why…

A: When a virus infects a person (host), it invades their cells to survive and multiply. Once inside,…

Q: As a general rule, viruses are not considered to be alive based on several reasons. One such reason…

A: Viruses are small, microscopic organisms that contain either RNA or DNA as their genetic material.…

Q: Passive transport of small molecules that generate energy hrough their movement Facilitated…

A: Different types of transport processes occur inside the cell in order to maintain the homeostasis.…

Q: There are fewer antifungal, anti protozoal, and antihelminth drugs compared to antibacterial drugs…

A: The antifungal drug is a drug that is used to kill the fungus. The antiprotozoal drug is a drug that…

Q: What are the steps in a lysogenic infection?

A: The lysogenic cycle is the process through which a virus replicated its DNA by using a host cell.…

Q: The Shingles virus causes infections in adult patients years after they have experienced chicken pox…

A: Virus is a microscopic organism which contains a protective coat and the nucleic acid. It doesn’t…

Q: Compare and contrast the lysogenic and lytic cycles of phage λ.

A: Phage lambda is a bacteriophage which infects E.coli bacteria. Bacteriophages are the viruses that…

Q: D) polyhedral The first step in viral infection is the recognition between the virus and the host…

A: The virus is a microscopic organism that infects other cells to survive. The virus can only…

Q: What is meant by the term emerging virus?

A: Viruses are microscopic agents that can replicate only inside the host cells. They can infect all…

Q: Why do viruses become less virulent?

A: Viruses are microscopic agents that can replicate only inside host cells. They can infect all types…

Q: How does the varicella-zoster virus replicates?

A: Varicella-zoster (VZV) causes chickenpox and herpes zoster. Chickenpox follows openness to the virus…

Q: What component is common for all viruses? a) Ribosome b) DNA c) RNA d) A protein coat e) A…

A: Virus An infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat, is…

Q: During the lysogenic cycle of lambda (A) phage the phage genome is integrated in the host chromosome…

A: Bacteriophage are those viruses which are found to be in fact to the bacterial cell.

Q: A viral particle adsorbs onto a host cell membrane. It uncoats and releases its single-stranded…

A: Viruses are differing entities that can be classified based on their nucleic acid type, replication…

Q: 27. Class VI animal viruses include HIV. Based on the type of viral genome, how is this class…

A: Group 6 animal viruses are single-stranded so option A is wrong.

Q: 3. (a). Illustrate and describe the lytic and lysogenic cycles for the production of viruses. (b).…

A: Introduction :  A prokaryotic organism with only one cell is a bacteria. They lack a nucleus and…

Q: Which statement among A-D is false regarding bacterial toxins? A) O Hemolysins are cell membrane…

A: Toxins refer to poisonous substances that include a class of small molecules and proteins, which are…

Q: What incentives cause humans to capture nitrogen from the air and pump it into the nitrogen cycle?…

A: The nitrogen cycle consists of 4 steps- ammonification, nitrification, anammox, and denitrification…

Q: Which of the following statements is true for a retrovirus? a) It contains both RNA and DNA. b) It…

A: Introduction  Viruses are small infectious agents that can replicate only inside the living cells of…

Q: 28. Class VI animal viruses include the retroviruses such as HIV. What type of enzyme does HIV…

A: The correct option is A) Reverse transcriptase. When the HIV has gained entry, the introduction of…

Q: What is unique about the life cycle of a retrovirus?

A: A virus is a microscopic parasite that can replicate and reproduce only inside living cells. The…

Q: Which of the following processes occurs in both lytic and nonlytic viral infections?(i) Infected…

A: Statement (i) Infected cell ruptures to release viral particles is only limited to lytic cycle…

Q: You are studying your favorite (hypothetical) bacteriophage named M277. It infects E. coli and stays…

A: *Viruses are specific in their species and they will effect every species on earth *The lytic cycle…

Q: Put the following stages of a lytic replication cycle in order, from earliest to latest stages: I.…

A: Lytic cycle is one of the two cycle of viral reproduction which involves the lysis of the host cell.…

Q: Which of the following statements concerning the infection of human cells by the HIV virus is false?…

A: a) After entry to the cell, the virus coat is removed and then the viral DNA is re;ease into the…

Q: The second step in viral replication is entry. For bacteriophage, entry usually involves: O a)…

A: A virus is an obligate parasite which have small piece of genetic material. This genetic material…

Q: You have been hired by a major pharmaceutical company to develop a new vaccine to prevent COVID-19…

A: Virus comes from the Latin word venom which mean poisonous substance that may cause some serious…

Q: HIV may not respond toa) Nucleoside analoguesb) Protease inhibitorsc) Neuraminidase inhibitorsd)…

A: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), is a retrovirus that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome…

Q: What is resistant to viral infection?

A: Introduction : IFNs are a type of released protein that has antiviral, antiproliferative, and…

Q: 1)What's Trichomoniasis, name the causative agent. how it can be transmitted, causes and symptoms?

A: Since we only answer one question at a time, we’ll answer the first one. Please resubmit the…

Q: What part of the host cell is degraded after phage nucleic acid has entered a host cell?

A: Viruses are the obligate intracellular parasite. They always hijack the host cell machinery and they…

Q: . Disabling surface protease enzymes on lung cells would most likely interfere with what stage of…

A: Virus nuclear content whether single or double-stranded RNA or DNA is encapsulated in a protective…

Q: 1) Which of the following apply(ies) to Bacillus cereus and Bacillus anthracis? Choose all that…

A: Bacillus is a genus of Gram-positive, bacilli, or rod-shaped bacteria. B. anthracis is the causative…

Q: Attenuation is problematic in viral studies when: a) Strains lose virulence, and thus their…

A: Attenuation is the process of weakening a disease-causing virus in a laboratory so that it can no…

Q: Eukaryotic viruses   a.) Can attach to LPS to promote viral entry   b.) Can replicate in the host…

A: Eukaryotic viruses --------- b. Can replicate in the host cell nucleus.…

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.