Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Which of the following claims is most consistent with the data shown in
a.Esp protein does not regulate blood-sugar levels in normal mice.
b.Normal mice require a higher blood concentration of insulin than mutant mice do.
c.Esp expression is necessary to prevent the overproduction of insulin.
d.Mutant mice have a cyclical pattern of insulin secretion.
Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Comparative Analysis of Blood Insulin Levels in Normal and Esp Mutant Mice Post-Glucose Injection**
**Description:**
This educational section presents a comparative analysis of blood insulin levels in normal mice and Esp (Ectopic P-glycoprotein) mutant mice, following their exposure to glucose injection. The graph illustrates the dynamic changes in blood insulin levels over a 60-minute period, offering insights into the metabolic differences between these two groups.
**Figure 2:**
- **Y-Axis:** The Y-axis represents the blood insulin concentration, measured in nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL), ranging from 0.2 to 1.2 ng/mL.
- **X-Axis:** The X-axis represents time, measured in minutes after glucose injection, ranging from 0 to 60 minutes.
The graph includes two distinct lines representing the data:
1. **Normal Mice:**
- Depicted with open circles connected by a solid line.
- Blood insulin levels initially spike sharply within the first few minutes after glucose injection, reaching approximately 0.9 ng/mL.
- This is followed by a decline and subsequent leveling off, maintaining a relatively constant level around 0.4 ng/mL from 20 to 60 minutes post-injection.
2. **Esp Mutant Mice:**
- Depicted with filled circles connected by a dashed line.
- Blood insulin levels in mutant mice start around 0.4 ng/mL and show a more gradual increase over time.
- Unlike in normal mice, insulin levels continue to rise, peaking at around 0.8 ng/mL by the 60-minute mark.
The error bars on each data point indicate the variability and provide a sense of the precision of the measurements.
**Analysis:**
- The graph highlights a significant disparity in the insulin response between normal and Esp mutant mice, suggesting that Esp mutations may influence the regulation of insulin following glucose exposure.
- Normal mice show a quick response with an initial spike in insulin levels, which then stabilizes, whereas mutant mice display a sustained increase over time.
**Conclusion:**
This study's results underscore the impact of genetic mutations on metabolic responses, offering valuable insights for further research on diabetes and other metabolic disorders. Understanding these differences is crucial for developing targeted treatments and therapies.
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