Which of the following can you conclude about the hemoglobin in individuals with sickle cell anemia? Choose two answers that apply. O The amino acids sequenced for the abnormal hemoglobin replaced a Glucine (Glu) for a Leucine (Leu). O The amino acids sequenced for the abnormal hemoglobin was the same as it was for the normal hemoglobin. O There was an error in the transcription from DNA to RNA. O The amino acids sequenced for the abnormal hemoglobin replaced a Glucine (Glu) for a Valine (Val). There was an error in the nucleotide sequence in the original DNA strand.

Hurler syndrome is due to a mutation in a gene that encodes aprotein called α-l-iduronidase. This protein functions withinlysosomes as an enzyme that breaks down mucopolysaccharides(a type of polysaccharide that has many acidic groups attached).When this enzyme is defective, excessive amounts of the mucopolysaccharides dermatan sulfate and heparin sulfate accumulatewithin the lysosomes, especially in liver cells and connectivetissue cells. This accumulation leads to symptoms such as anenlarged liver and spleen, bone abnormalities, corneal clouding,heart problems, and severe neurological problems. The pedigreebelow contains three members affected with Hurler syndrome,indicated with black symbols. Based on this pedigree, does thissyndrome appear to follow autosomal recessive, autosomaldominant, X-linked recessive, or X-linked dominant inheritance?Explain your reasoning.

Parents who both have "sickle-cell trait", i.e, are heterozygous for HbS have a child who is tested at birth, and is found to be homozygous for HbS (both alleles affected). What is the molecular reason why the child presents with no symptoms until 6 months of age? a.) the mutation affects the beta chain, which is not dominant at birth b.) the mutation affects the alpha chain, which is not dominant at birth c.) babies cannot be exposed to low oxygen that triggers symptoms d.) babies cannot be exposed to high oxygen that triggers symptoms

How can a single nucleotide insertion in the beta globin gene generate a phenotypic change in the ability of the red blood cell to transport oxygen?