Which form of aspartic acid in Problem 18.54 is the zwitterion? What is the pI for the zwitterion?

Q: Write structural formulas for the two dipeptides that contain leucine and aspartate.

A: A peptide is the sequence of amino acids which is joined through peptide or amide bond in which…

Q: titration curve. Match each numbered arrow on the curve (from (1) to (5)) with the appropriate amino…

A: Amino acids have two functional groups namely carboxyl and amino group. When the pH is less than pKa…

Q: Does gentiobiose (Problem 20.66) have an acetal grouping? A hemiacetal grouping? Do you expect…

A: Gentiobiose is a disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules. It is a constituent of plant…

Q: What is the name of the non-reducing monosaccharide found in the disaccharide shown here?

A: The sugars (or carbohydrates) that can be oxidized by the action of mild oxidizing agents, are known…

Q: What sugar is produced by the epimerization of galactose?

A: Sugars are defined as the sweet-tasting compounds that are present in various food sources such as…

Q: Besides asymmetric hydrogenation (Section 29.4), several other methods are now available for the…

A: Except for glycine, amino acids have a chiral carbon atom next to the carboxyl group.…

Q: What is the pI value for the dipeptide Gly-Ala?

A: The pI or isoelectric point is the pH value at which the molecule or the peptide carries no electric…

Q: What is the structure of the peptide P-A-I-G-E at a pH of 7 and 12? What is the isoelectric point?

A: Peptides are composed of amino acids that are bonded to each other via peptide bonds. The ionizable…

Q: What are the difference between thymine and guanosine?

A: Thymine is a nucleotide. Guanosine is a nucleoside.

Q: What is the net average charge on the predominant form of lysine at pH values of (a) 2.0, (b) 5.0…

A: Amino acids are organic compounds having carboxyl group and amino group. At extreme low pH, amino…

Q: How many reducing ends and non reducing end does O-a-D-glucopyranofil(l ➔1) a-D-glucopyranoside(a…

A: Disaccharides are  simple sugars composed of 2 monosaccharides connected via a glycosidic bond. They…

Q: What Is gamma-crystallin?

A: Gamma-crystallin is a type of protein. A protein is a type of biomolecule consisting of either one…

Q: Heparin has what functional groups? what is the chemical reactivity of heparin in respect to its…

A: Heparin is defined as an anticoagulant that helps or prevents the formation of a blood clot in the…

Q: Spermaceti, a fragrant substance isolated from sperm whales, was commonly used in cosmetics until it…

A: Spermaceti can be described as a wax-like material present in sperm whales. It is present in liquid…

Q: The structure of chitosan, a polymer used to eliminate protein clumps that create wine haze in white…

A:

Q: how does the sphingosine affect the physical properties of sphingomyelin?

A: Sphingosine: it is an important part of sphingolipids with unsaturated hydrocarbon chain. It belongs…

Q: Write the one letter code for the oligopeptide Ser-Cys-Ile-Glu-Asn-Cys-Glu and calculate the total…

A: On a logarithmic scale from 0 to 14, pH, or "potential of hydrogen," measures the acidity or…

Q: What special purpose methionine serves

A: Methionine is referred to as an amino acid comprises of the sulphur group responsible for forming…

Q: What is the structural difference between the monosaccharides glucose and galactose?

A: Monosaccharides are the simple sugar, that can not be hydrolyzed. Monosaccharides have the general…

Q: What is the structural difference between inosine andadenosine?

A: In higher eukaryotic organisms, the most common form of post-transcriptional modification of RNA…

Q: what is the ph of an aspartic acid solution of the side chain carboxyl group that  is 2/3…

A: According to concept of acids and bases, an acid is defined as a substance that donates a proton (a…

Q: (i) (ii) Draw the potential tautomers of guanine. Explain the potential risk of guanine (enol form)…

A: (i)The potential tautomer of Guanine  is-

Q: What is the Haldane effect?

A: The Haldane effect is a physicochemical phenomenon which describes the increased capacity of blood…

Q: What are pyrimidine dimers ?

A: Nucleic acids are macromolecules comprised of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus.…

Q: Fumaric acid is a metabolic intermediate that has the systematic name trans-2-butenedioic acid. Draw…

A: Fumaric acid is a solid, white colored compound. It has a fruity taste and is naturally found in…

Q: What would be the characteristics of a transition-state analog for the chymotrypsin reaction?

A: Introduction: Enzymes are proteins that act as a catalyst which means they increase the rate of…

Q: What is the Haworth projection for D-Ribulose? And L-Ribulose?

A: Ribulose is a simple sugar and a ketopentose, which means it contains five carbon atoms and a ketone…

Q: Write a structural formula for a tetrapeptide composed of phenyl-alanine, glycine, aspartic acid,…

A: The proteins are composed of twenty naturally occurring amino acids. In a polypeptide chain the…

Q: The diversity of functional groups on sugars that can form glycosidic bonds greatly increases the…

A: Peptides are the compounds formed from the amino acids.Amino acids are the building blocks of…

Q: The amino acid glycine is often used as an ingredient in buffers for biochemistry experiments. The…

A: Proteins are composed of twenty naturally occurring amino acids. The amino acids have ionizable…

Q: Draw the two possible Haworth structures (both alpha and beta anomers) for the following…

A: D- fructose: keto D fructose is the form of D fructose. It is a monosaccharide. It's a sugar that…

Q: Glucose-1-phosphate has a ΔG°′ value of −20.9 kJ/mol, whereas that for glucose-6-phosphate is −12.5…

A: Glucose 6 phosphate is the first intermediate of glycolysis. Glucose-1-phosphate is formed by the…

Nitrogen metabolism

Nitrogen metabolism is the synthesis, utilization or uptake, breakdown, and excretion of nitrogenous compounds in the body. The nitrogen metabolism encompasses nitrogen fixation, biosynthesis, and the breakdown of amino acids, purines, and pyrimidine. Since nitrogen-containing compounds are required for various life processes, nitrogen is an important element of life.