Which enzymes are involved in DNA replications? There are multiple answers. Helicase DNA polymerase RNA polymerase DNA ligase single strand binding proteins peptidyl transferase σ unit release factors
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Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
Which enzymes are involved in
Helicase
DNA polymerase
RNA polymerase
DNA ligase
single strand binding proteins
peptidyl transferase
σ unit
release factors
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- The figure below depicts various elements of the eukaryotic replication machinery in action. Enter the name for the protein depicted by each box. Box A Box B Box C Box D Box E Box F DNA polymerase on lagging strand (just finishing an Okazaki fragment) F Maintains polymerase association with DNA Enzyme extends separation of DNA strands Synthesizes RNA fragments that hybridize to DNA Relaxes supercoiled DNA ahead of replication fork Maintains DNA is single stranded state Promotes binding of processivity factors to DNA Newly synthesized strand pocoar Leading-strand template A New Okazaki fragment RNA primer E Lagging-strand template DNA polymerase on leading strand B C D Saaragon - Next Okazaki fragment will start here Parental DNA helixWhich enzyme catalyzes the elongation of a DNA strand in the 5' to 3' direction? Group of answer choices DNA ligase primase DNA polymerase I DNA polymerase IIIDiscuss DNA replication of prokaryotes and please mention all of the enzymes and components listed below. DNA Primase – DNA directed “RNA Pol” which inserts nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs) Primers are oligonucleotides; priming process is the formation of primers DNA Helicase – separates the DNA in advance of the replication fork (in E. coli DNA Helicase II); binds at AT-rich region of DNA; ATP then binds the helicase Single-stranded DNA-binding Protein (SSBP) – no enzymatic activity; does not consume ATP Topoisomerase – alter the supercoiling of double-stranded DNA DNA Ligase – nicking of strands done for replication to continue Okazaki fragments DNA Polymerase – removes primer via 5’ to 3’ exonuclease activity; comes again for 5’ to 3’ polymerization activity (closes the gap between Okazaki fragments) Prokaryotes DNA Pol I – auxiliary enzyme to DNA Pol III; repairs damage; capable of excising pyrimidine dimers; polymerization via single active site that can bind all 4 dNTPs;…
- Given the replication events listed below which even takes place first Single Strand binding proteins bind Primase adds an RNA primer Helicase unwinds the DNA double helix DNA polymerase begins adding DNA nucleotidesY-shaped region created when helicase unwinds a portion of a chromosome that serves as the growing site for DNA replication. origin of replication dispersive replication model semiconservative replication 0 0 0 0 О QUESTION 5 replication fork conservative replication model An enzyme in DNA replication that breaks the hydrogen bonds between the DNA strands to open up or unwind the DNA so it can be copied. DNA polymerase I helicase telomerase 0000 DNA polymerase III topoisomerase QUESTION 6 0 0 0 0 0 One of several processes by which genetic material in the form of "naked" deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is transferred between microbial cells. phosphodiester bond antiparallel strands Chargaff's rules complementary base pairs transformationCircle the following elements that are directly involved in DNA replication process DNA helicase RNA primase Sliding clamp DNA polymerase DNA ligase
- Which mechanism is utilized to replicate plasmids undergoing conjugal transfer? Rolling-circle replication O Modified rolling-circle replication where the displaced strand is concurrently with DNA transfer Theta replication Theta replication followed by rolling circle replicationMatch the enzyme on the left with its role in DNA replication DNA polymerase I helicase DNA ligase DNA polymerase III topoisomerase primase 72 W w# 3 E $ 4 R % 5 T A 6 MacBook Pro Y & 7 U * 8 replaces primers with DNA connects Okazaki fragments to form a continuous strand of DNA synthesizes short RNA fragments used to initiate DNA synthesis Uses the 3'OH of an RNA primer to synthesize the leading strand and Okazaki fragments keeps DNA from getting tangled up ahead of the replication fork "unwinds" the DNA double helix at the origin and replication forks 1 ( 9 X 0 0 P + 11 NextHow does DNA replication occur in a precise manner to ensure that identical genetic information is put into the new chromatid? See Figures 8.12 and 8.13. FIGURE 8.12 In DNA replication, the two polynucleotide strands uncoil, and each is a template for synthesizing a new strand. A replicated DNA molecule contains one new strand and one old strand. This mechanism is called semiconservative replication. FIGURE 8.13 A close-up look at the process of DNA replication. (a) As the strands uncoil, bases are added to the newly synthesized strand by complementary base pairing with bases in the template strand. The new bases are linked together by DNA polymerase. (b) DNA synthesis can proceed only in the 5 3 direction; newly synthesized DNA on one template strand is made in short segments and linked together by the enzyme DNA ligase.
- Match the statement to the corresponding agent/key player in DNA replication. Some items require more than one answer. choices: Origin of replication Bubble SSBP RPA Sliding Clamp PCNA DNA Pol III Pol ε Pol δ DNA Pol I RNAse H Flap 1 DNA gyrase Pol α DNA helicase Primase Single chromosome Multiple points in chromosomes DNA ligase Not applicable Start of replication in eukaryotes Start of replication in prokaryotes Removal of eukaryotic primer Origin of replication in eukaryotes Adds more nucleotides in the lagging strand of eukaryotes Origin of replication in prokaryotes Adds more nucleotides in the leading strand of eukaryotes Lessens the tension of supercoiling Adds more nucleotides in the leading strand of prokaryotes Dissociates after adding the few initial nucleotides in prokaryotes Holds the processive enzyme in eukaryotes Breaks the H-bonds of bases Adds more nucleotides in the lagging strand of prokaryotes Proof reading in…In comparing prokaryotic and eukaryotic replication, pick the one that in INCORRECT. Both have semiconservative replication Both strands made at same time by replisome consisting of helicase plus DNA pol holoenzyme Eukaryotes and prokaryotes both have leading and lagging strands RNA is only needed to initiate DNA synthesis in prokaryotesThe image shows a replication fork with template DNA strands, new DNA strands, and some replication proteins. Label the mage by moving the terms or descriptive phrases to the appropriate targets. lagging strand (or Okazaki fragment) Answer Bank protein that synthesizes RNA primer DnaB helicase DNA gyrase (topoisomerase)