Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696527
Author: J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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- 4 You set up a reaction with Gallium metal in excess hydrochloric acid at 28 degrees Celsius. It reacts in the following: 2Ga(s)+6HCl(aq)→2GaCl3(aq)+3H2(g) You collect 171 mLs and 0.996 atm of hydrogen over water. How many moles of Ga reacted? The partial pressure of water at 28 degrees is 0.0372 atm. Remember sig figsarrow_forwardA student wishes to determine the chloride ion concentration in a water sample at 25 °C using a galvanic cell constructed with a graphite electrode and a half-cell of AgCl(s) + e⁻ → Ag(s) + Cl⁻(aq) E°red = 0.2223 V And a copper electrode with 0.500 M Cu²⁺ as the second half cell Cu²⁺(aq) + 2 e⁻ → Cu(s) E°red= 0.337 V The measured cell potential when the water sample was placed into the silver side of the cell was 0.0647 V. Given the standard cell potential for this cell is 0.115 V, what is the value of the standard free energy (in kJ) for this reaction?arrow_forward26.20 The data provided in Figure 26.7 are based on the diffusion of O₂ into SiO₂ formed from the oxidation of (100) crystalline silicon at 1000°C. Estimate the diffusion coefficient of O₂ in SiO₂ formed from the oxidation of (111) crystalline silicon at 1000 °C, using the data in the table below, provided by Hess (1990).* Time 1.0 2.0 4.0 7.0 16.0 Measured SiO₂ Film Thickness (um) 0.049 0.078 0.124 0.180 0.298 0.070 0.105 0.154 0.212 0.339 The maximum solubility of O₂ in the SiO₂ is 9.6-10-8 mole 0₂/cm³ solid at 1000°C and 1.0 atm O₂ gas partial pressure. *D.W. Hess, Chem. Eng. Education, 24, 34 (1990).arrow_forward
- Table Q4 shows the solubility of liquid trichlorohexane in toluene (also liquid) at equilibrium at different temperatures, where species 1 is trichlorohexane and species 2 is toluene. These data are obtained at 1 atm. X1 0.037 0.050 0.085 0.135 0.199 0.288 0.364 0.482 0.500 0.585 Table Q4 Temperature (°C) 92.18 100.00 107.11 111.96 113.84 112.87 109.63 101.91 100.00 90.05 (a) Plot a properly labeled T-x₁ diagram of this binary mixture at 1 atm. (b) Estimate the composition of each phase at 110°C for this binary mixture. (c) At 110°C and 1 atm, trichlorohexane is added dropwise into an initially pure toluene until the mole fraction of trichlorohexane reaches 0.5. Assuming equilibrium is preserved during every addition of trichlorohexane, describe what you would see if the whole process is conducted in a transparent beaker. (d) At 100°C, determine the A12 and A21 in the two-constant Margules equation. Justify any assumptions that you make.arrow_forward(a) Consider the following chemical reaction: 3FE203(s) + CO(g) → 2Fe304(s) + CO2(g) AH° = ? Use the following thermochemical data to determine the enthalpy change of this reaction. (6) 2FE2O3 (s) AH° = -1652 kJ 4Fe(s) + 302(g) C(s,graphite) + ½O2(g) → CO(g) 3Fe(s) + 202 (g) → CO2(g) AH° = -110.5 kJ Fe304(s) C(s,graphite) + O2(g) AH° = -1117 kJ AH° = +395.5 kJ (b) What is the standard enthalpy of formation of carbon dioxide? (2)arrow_forwardThe equilibrium constant with respect to temperature can be expressed for the reaction: Cyclohexane (g)! <--> methylcyclopentane (g) as: LnK = 4.814-2059/T. If placed to react 3 moles cyclohexane in a 5 liter container at a certain temperature and when equilibrium is reached, 8000 J of heat is released, Calculate the temperature of the container.arrow_forward
- Please help with the material balances!!!!! Please!!arrow_forwardAlumina from bauxite separation stage calculations A crucial step in the production of aluminum from bauxite ore is the separation of alumina from the remaining mineral impurities in the ore. In the Bayer process this is accomplished by treating bauxite with aqueous NaOH to produce NaAIO2 (alumina). NaOH(aq) + Al(OH)3(s) → NaAIO2(aq) + 2H2O(1) Since NaAIO2 is water soluble while the residual mineral constituents of bauxite are not, a separation can be achieved by allowing the minerals to settle out and decanting the aqueous solution of NAAIO2 and unreacted NaOH. In order to further recover any NAAIO2 entrained in the settled mineral solids, this "mud" is repeatedly washed with water and allowed to settle, and the wash water is decanted. The figure below shows one stage of this washing-settling process. Wash water Slurry - Open to air Mixer/Wash tank Setling tank Decanted solution System boundary Washed mud In this stage, a feed slurry consisting of 10 wt% solids, 11 wt% NaOH, 16 wt%…arrow_forwardOne half-cell in a voltaic cell is constructed from a copper wire electrode in a 4.0 x 10-8 M solution of Cu(NO3)2. The other half-cell consists of a zinc electrode in a 0.75 M solution of Zn(NO3)2. Calculate the cell potential. You may need to use the following data: Zn²+ (aq) + 2 e¯ + Zn(s) E° = -0.763 V Cu²+ (aq) + 2 e → Cu(s) E° = +0.337 V Potential =arrow_forward
- 8.2 L of chlorine gas at 298 K and 3.0 atm is added to a rigid 4.0 L reaction vessel containing 3.2 moles of He gas and 2.4 moles of fluorine gas? Chlorine and Fluorine gas react according to the following reaction at 298 K. Cl2 (g) + 3 F2 (g) à 2 ClF3 (g) What is the partial pressure of ClF3 after the reaction is complete? If the reaction proceeded with a percent yield of 40%, what would be the partial pressure of ClF3?arrow_forwardThe reaction of carbon monoxide(g) with water(l) to form carbon dioxide(g) and hydrogen(g) proceeds as follows: CO(g) + H2O(l) ---> CO2(g) + H2(g) When 10.2 grams of CO(g) react with sufficient H2O(l) , 1.02 kJ of energy are absorbed .What is the value of H for the chemical equation given?arrow_forwardFor the following reaction, 20.4 grams of chlorine gas are allowed to react with 4.21 grams of water . chlorine(g) + water(1) hydrochloric acid(aq) + chloric acid (HCIO3)(aq) What is the maximum amount of hydrochloric acid that can be formed? grams What is the FORMULA for the limiting reagent? What amount of the excess reagent remains after the reaction is complete? gramsarrow_forward
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