Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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What is translation?
Synthesizing a protein from a strand of mRNA
Coping a new strand of DNA from an existing strand
synthesizing a protein from a strand of DNA
Copying a strand of RNA from a strand of DNA
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- Protein synthesis is a complicated process involving DNA being transcribed to RNA, which is then translated into amino acids. Complete the DNA-to-amino acid table for three consecutive codons with the appropriate nucleotides and amino acids using a codon table. Nucleotide and amino acid options can be used multiple times or not at all. 5' to 3' DNA strand 3' to 5' DNA strand transcribed mRNA tRNA anticodon amino acid arginine cysteine leucine T A U A T G A U arginine leucine A proline T A U Answer Bank A G G с с T T A A U glutamic acid U G C G с с glutamic acid G G G с с G C arginine C G с Garrow_forwardTranscribe the following strand in Mrna, then translate it into amino acidsarrow_forwardWhat is the base sequence of the MRNA synthesized from the following DNA template strand? 3'-A-C-A-T-C-G-5'arrow_forward
- Match the THE BEST DESCRIPTION with the proper enzyme. RNA Polymerase I RNA Polymerase II RNA Polymerase III DNA Polymerase I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases DNA Polymerase III RF1 [Choose ] ✓ MAINLY synthesizes ribosomal RNA Recognizes stop codons and halts the process of protein translation The most important enzymes involved in interpreting the genetic code. Part of a processive complex that does most of the work placing nucleotides in DNA replication. Synthesizes messenger RNA precursors MAINLY synthesizes transfer RNA Has 5' to 3' exocnuclease activity and participates in primer removal MAINLY synthesizes transfer Has 5' to 3' exocnuclease act The most important enzyme Part of a processive complex Recognizes stop codons andarrow_forwardProtein synthesis is a complicated process involving DNA being transcribed to RNA, which is then translated into amino acids. Complete the DNA-to-amino acid table for three consecutive codons with the appropriate nucleotides and amino acids using a codon table. Nucleotide and amino acid options can be used multiple times or not at all. 5' to 3' DNA strand T T A G A G 3' to 5' DNA strand A A T C T C G C G transcribed mRNA U U A G A G C G C TRNA anticodon A. A U C U G C G amino acid leucine glutamic acid Answer Bank A glutamic acid leucine cysteine arginine proline Uarrow_forwardWhen you are extracting DNA one of the first steps is to dissolve the cell membranes with ice cold ethanol. True or Falsearrow_forward
- What is the correct sequence in translation? a tRNA attaches to start codon, ribosome attaches to mRNA in P site, new tRNA enters on A site, peptide chain moves to old tRNA in P site, old tRNA moves to E and new tRNA to P. b tRNA attaches to start codon, ribosome attaches to mRNA in P site, new tRNA enters on A site, peptide chain moves to new tRNA, old tRNA moves to E and new tRNA to P. c tRNA attaches to start codon, ribosome attaches to mRNA in A site, new tRNA enters on P site, peptide chain moves to new tRNA, old tRNA moves to E and new tRNA to A. d tRNA attaches continuously to mRNA without the need of a ribosome. Proteins are: a the direct translation of a single gene b in most cases, the results of post-translation control c first transcribed from DNA by an operon d transcription factors Which of the following statements is false? a In the lytic cycle, new phage are produced and released into the environment. b…arrow_forwardWhich molecules are required during Translation? Choose ALL that apply Select all that apply: mRNA tRNA rRNA DNA cytoplasm nucleusarrow_forwardwhich of the following causes transcription to end? RNA polymerase reaches the terminator RNA polymerase binds to the promoter ribosome binds to mRNA RNA polymerase leaves promoter and goes into the reading frame ribosome reads a STOP codonarrow_forward
- Below is the 5’–3’ strand of a double-stranded DNA molecule with the following nucleotidesequences (all belong to an exon):5’ C C T A T G C A G T G G C C A T A T T C C A A A G C A T A G C 3’ 1. If the above DNA strand is the template (antisense) strand and the DNA molecule is transcribed that produced a functional mRNA. Assuming there are no mutations, the said mRNA is then brought to the site of protein synthesis,a. what would be the amino acid sequence of the synthesized polypeptide chain?b. how many possible kinds of tRNA molecule that will bring the 2nd amino acid observing wobble hypothesis? List down their anticodons.arrow_forwardName (Last, First): DNA An RNA polymerase attaches to the DNA and transcribes the DNA to mRNA Ribosone BIO 340 Activity # 1: DNA and the Central Dogma Complete: DNA Coding 5' ATG TGG ATT CTC AAG ATC AAT AGT 3' DNA template 3 5' Cytoplasm Nuckus Nuclear pore ARNA Use the mRNA codon sequence and the genelic Landelable in order to find the amino acid (AA) sequence of the protein. Example: if mRNA sequence is GUU then the corresponding amino acid 3-letter is Valine (Val) and the corresponding amino acid 1-letter is V. mRNA codon 5' FIRST (5') LETTER tRNA codon 3 U AA 3-letter AA 1-letter Amino acid AA - Amino acid A tRNA THE GENETIC CODE New protein being built U Pie (F) ասա UUC) ԼԱՔ Uva) Lou (L) Leu (L) val (M) Use numbers 1 to 3 to indicate the correct order of the flow of biological information. Translation Replication Transcription Hydroxyl group Deoxyribose sugar DNA's charge is negative due to following (circle the correct one): An alpha helix and a beta sheet in a protein are a type…arrow_forwardcan someone helparrow_forward
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