What is the difference between a natural, semisynthetic, and synthetic antibiotic?

Curren'S Math For Meds: Dosages & Sol
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305143531
Author:CURREN
Publisher:CURREN
Chapter10: Reconstitution Of Powdered Drugs
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 4.2P
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Development of Resistance to antimicrobial drugs:

  • What is the difference between a natural, semisynthetic, and synthetic antibiotic? 
  • How was the first natural antibiotic discovered? (To answer this question, identify the
    antibiotic, distinguish between the fungus and the antibiotic, explain where the antibiotic
    came from, and explain how people knew the antibiotic had antibiotic properties.) 
  •  Give an example of a strain of bacteria (Genus and species) that is now resistant to
    commonly used antibiotics (identify the specific antibiotic). 
  •  Describe the physiological mechanism used by individual bacteria to resist the antibiotic
    listed in part “3” of this Thought Question. For example, the mechanism could be
    modification of drug, modification of target, prevention of drug penetration, overproduction
    of target, or target mimicry. (This means that you must choose a strain of bacteria that we
    know the characteristic of the bacteria that allows the bacteria to be resistant.)
  • How do populations (or strains) of microbes evolve resistance to antimicrobials? (For this
    question, explain how random mutations and the variation in susceptibility within a
    population affect the development of resistant strains?
  • Why is antibiotic resistance a problem? 
  • How can antibiotic resistance be prevented? (List the 7 methods for preventing resistance.) 
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