What is meant by the statement “orthogonal analysis methods should be used for characterization of impurities”? Why do bacterial and plant cells require partial destruction prior to osmotic lysis? How can the partial destruction be achieved?

Q: What is the pore size of the membrane filter used in the membrane filter method for water analysis?

A: Microorganisms are small organism that cannot be seen by naked eyes. Infectious disease is caused by…

Q: Compare the lysis for bacteria to that for CHO (Chinese Hamster Ovary) cells. Note, CHO cells are…

A: Introduction :- Lysis refers to the breaking open of cells to release their contents. This can be…

Q: Using one of the graphs obtained with the medium II, name the different phases of the bacterial…

A: Micro organisms are typically grown in a closed culture media. Nutrients are added according to the…

Q: What information do you get from these controls to give you confidence in your results? How does…

A: Microorganism are small organism which we can observed through the microscope. It is usually used as…

Q: A culture medium contains 1mM NaCl, 1mM of each essential amino acid, and 5g/L honey. Is the medium…

A: A culture medium is defined if it contains various constituents with known and measurable…

Q: The monod model relates bacterial growth to substrate utilization.   (i) The relationship of…

A: Monod Model is a mathematical model based on growth of microorganism.  The equation is represented…

Q: en gas, continuous air supply at air fl

A: The static gassing-out method was used to evaluate the impact of process factors on the volumetric…

Q: As a public health engieer you have been tasked wiyh designing a plug flow reactor for the…

A: The Surface Water Treatment Rule, or SWTR for short, is an EPA regulation that establishes drinking…

Q: What is the purpose of the negative and positive control in the Disc diffusion assay? Why is it…

A: The disc diffusion assay is used to determine the susceptibility of test bacteria to different…

Q: Two microorganisms that use naphthalene as a food source have the same Umax but different Ks values…

A: Ks is half velocity constant. S (concentration of substrate) is same. Vmax is same. Ks is inversely…

Q: aelis-Menten constant an be determined using the Lineweaver-Burk plot and is equal to twice the…

A: Mechaelis-Menten Constant: - Km is used in the enzyme kinetics, it plays very important role in the…

Q: Complete the following questions for your gram negative rod unknown organism (a) What test did you…

A: The gram-negative rod group is a diverse and extensive category of bacteria characterized by their…

Q: A continuious, stirred-tank bioreactor with an actively growing culture of bacteria is operating at…

A: A bioreactor is a manufactured device or a system which supports biologically active environment…

Q: Describe the formation of bioprocess product. Please include the following: (a) Product of choice…

A: The above topics are answered below

Q: How to graph a scatter plot /X-Y plot of ph and absórbance. pH is the independent variable (x-axis)…

A: pH of tube A400 after 5 minutes           3   0.008     5   0.371     7   0.546     9…

Q: TRUE OF FALSE: Is E coli colonies would be pink mucoid in Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA)? Is…

A: EMBA or Eosin Y methylene Blue Agar is used for the identification of Gram-negative bacterial…

Q: In determination of microbial motility, how does true motility differ from Brownian movement?

A: Microorganisms can be characterized based on their ability to move on liquid or solid surfaces. Some…

Q: What would you need to culture the following microorganisms? (Note the hints and/or choices after…

A: Thermophile - Organisms tolerant to high temperature  Mesophile - organisms tolerant to moderate…

Q: You have just measured the OD of your E. coli (which is in log-phase growth) and it is at 0.15. You…

A: OD stands for optical density which is the quantitative measure concentration of E. coli cells in…

Q: A 3.0 L batch bioreactor is used to grow E. coli bacteria, which have an initial concentration of…

A: A batch bioreactor is a closed device utilized to grow microorganisms for example bacteria, yeast,…

Q: Lysine decarboxylase media is yellow after incubating an organism in it at 37 degrees for 24 hours.…

A: Lysine decarboxylase is an enzyme that is used in decarboxylation test. It is used to distinguish…

Q: Growth of an E. coli bacteria in batch culture is observed. The bacteria are fed with 0.5 g / L…

A: Answer: E.coli = These are the gram negative bacteria can be found in normal human gut flora.

Q: The following questions refer to membrane protein isolation A) What is the difficulty when working…

A: Proteins are considered biological, organic polymers made of amino acids. Amino acids are connected…

Q: How do effects of pH, salt composition, and solute valence on partitioning of bioproducts compare in…

A: The product made from the biomass is known as bioproducts. The improvement of upstream technologies…

Q: Which of the following is true regarding microbial tests that lead to color change in tubes used to…

A: Option 1 and 4 are correct. There are multiple tests involving color change for bacteria…

Q: Growth of an E. coli bacteria in batch culture is observed. The bacteria are fed with 0.5 g / L…

A: Bacteria are microorganisms that grow very fast. They almost double every 20 to 30 minutes.…

Q: ii) State what is happening at those wavelengths suggested in (i) above to encourage accumulation of…

A: Light and Pigments Engelmann's Experiment -- Engelmann strung one filament of algae on a slide under…

Q: , which of the candidates would you select for further analysis?

A: Candidate B: vigorous growth

Q: explain the various factors affecting agar-agar gels and what is the source, manufacturing, and…

A: Agar agar gel and its properties and uses.

Q: The following data were obtained during batch growth of the Saccharomyces Cerevisiae at its optimal…

A: There are billions of microorganisms that are present in our surroundings. These microorganisms keep…

Q: In growing E.coli, why is that (reasons) they do not grow after doubling time under 20 degrees…

A: E. coli is a mesophilic bacteria. It functions under certain ideal temperatures and pressure. The…

Q: (b) In a batch bioreactor, the growth of a microbial population is often limited by the availability…

A: As the question contain two different questions, here we have only solved the second one. Bacteria…

Q: Describe how to most easily calculate the generation time for a population of bacteria in a batch…

A: Bacteria grow when one bacterial cell divides to form two daughter cells. Thus, bacterial growth can…

Q: Strain X. spp. is a rod-shaped, anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium with peritrichous flagella and…

A: Given information   Doubling time 240 minutes = 4 hours. Initial population = 10 cells Final…

Q: In determination of microbial motility, what is the value of a hanging-drop perparation? what is the…

A: Hanging drop is a motility testing which helps microbiologist to view motility of bacterium.

Q: TRUE OF FALSE: Is E coli colonies colorless in Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA)? Coliform colonies…

A: Answer: Introduction: Bacteria inhabiting or predominantly present the human intestine is…

Q: Explain briefly why choosing a specific standard is less important for determining the concentration…

A: A standard is a commonly accepted and agreed-upon measurement or criterion used for comparison or…

Q: When it comes to controlling microbial growth in microbiology lab, why is autoclaving so vital? What…

A: Microbial growth refers to the increase in the number of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi,…

Q: List down two important precautions in conducting brine solution experiment.

A: Brine solution experiment : The brine solution experiment is generally used to study the process of…

Scientific Notation

We have to deal with quantities that are extremely large or very small. For example- I may have 6,500,000,000 red blood cells, or the diameter of an iron atom is 0.000000011 inches. Numbers with many zeros can be inexpedient to work with, so scientists use scientific notation. It represents very large numbers or very small numbers in a simple form. We know that whole numbers can be extended to infinity, but we cannot write such large numbers on paper. Numbers that present in millions of places after the decimal point need to be represented simply. Thus, it is difficult to represent a few numbers in their extended form. Therefore, we use scientific notation.