WHAT IF? In 2005, Icelandic scientists reported findinga large chromosomal inversion present in 20% of northern Europeans, and they noted that Icelandic womenwith this inversion had significantly more children thanwomen without it. What would you expect to happento the frequency of this inversion in the Icelandicpopulation in future generations?

WHAT IF? In 2005, Icelandic scientists reported findinga large chromosomal inversion present in 20% of northern Europeans, and they noted that Icelandic womenwith this inversion had significantly more children thanwomen without it. What would you expect to happento the frequency of this inversion in the Icelandicpopulation in future generations?

Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)

14th Edition

ISBN:9781305073951

Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter12: Meiosis And Sexual Reproduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3CT: Different populations of the tiny freshwater snails pictured in FIGURE 12.1 reproduce sexually, or...

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In March 2013, the American Journal of HumanGenetics published a report that an AfricanAmerican man who submitted his genome forcommercial genealogical analysis had a Y chromosome whose sequence was very different from thatof other Y chromosomes that had been characterized previously. The investigators then found thatcertain males among the Mbo (an ethnic group inCameroon) shared many of the polymorphisms firstfound in this African-American man. How do youthink these findings would have altered estimates ofwhen a man carrying the MRCA for the human Ychromosome would have lived on the earth?
WHAT IF? A rooster with gray feathers and a hen ofthe same phenotype produce 15 gray, 6 black, and8 white chicks. What is the simplest explanation for theinheritance of these colors in chickens? What phenotypeswould you expect in the offspring of a cross betweena gray rooster and a black hen?
The four chromosomes depicted here are Y chromosomes from men in different parts of the world. The light purple bands represent specific genesthat are identical in all four men. The red bands represent genetic mutations (M) that appeared at different times; M168 appeared about 50,000 years ago, M9 about 40,000 years ago, and M3 about 10,000 years ago. Based on whatyou have learned in this chapter, identify the geographic source of men carrying each of these chromosomes: African, Eurasian, Amerindian, and first migrants out of Africa.
. An allotetraploid species has a genome composed oftwo ancestral genomes, A and B, each of which havea basic chromosome number (x) of seven. In thisspecies, the two copies of each chromosome of eachancestral genome pair only with each other duringmeiosis. Resistance to a pathogen that attacks the foliage of the plant is controlled by a dominant allele atthe F locus. The recessive alleles Faand Fbconfersensitivity to the pathogen, but the dominant resistancealleles present in the two genomes have slightly different effects. Plants with at least one FAallele areresistant to races 1 and 2 of the pathogen regardlessof the genotype in the B genome, and plants with atleast one FBallele are resistant to races 1 and 3 of thepathogen regardless of the genotype in the A genome.What proportion of the self-progeny of an FA Fa FB Fbplant will be resistant to all three races of the pathogen?
Q5.1. Which of the following is FALSE? O If a genetic disease reduces fertility and the allele that causes the disease offers no other advantage, the allele will likely eventually disappear, due to natural selection. Natural selection does not favor individuals who are homozygous for the sickle-cell allele, because these individuals typically die before they are old enough to reproduce. Individuals who are heterozygous HbAlHbS are protected from malaria, and this is why sickle-cell disease persists in wetter, mosquito-prone regions in Africa. O In regions where malaria does not occur, individuals who are heterozygous HbAIHbS have a fitness advantage over those who are homozygous for the normal hemoglobin allele (HbA).
. Autism is a neurological disorder thought to becaused by mutant alleles of one or more genes.Scientists had been wondering why the number ofchildren diagnosed as autistic increased dramaticallyin a decade, from 1 in 500 in 2002 to 1 in 88 in 2012.Researchers now think that they might have found atleast part of the answer: Men are fathering children atlater and later ages. A paper published in the journalNature in 2012 showed a correlation between paternalage and the incidence of autism; the age of the motherwas not a factor. How does this observation provide apossible explanation for the apparent increase in therate of autism?
dd-ons Help в I U A Calibri 12 三三1 |:三 6. Consider a guinea pig with a homozygous genotype and a white fur color phenotype. a. What is the probability this parent will produce a gamete with the dominant allele? b. What is the probability this parent will produce a gamete with the recessive allele? C. If 31 sperm cells are collected from this guinea pig, how many would you expect to have the recessive allele (as determined by sequencing the gene)? !!!
A species of antelope has 20 chromosomes per set. The species isdivided by a mountain range into two separate populations, whichwe will call the eastern and western population. In a comparison ofthe karyotypes of these two populations, it was discovered that themembers of the eastern population are homozygous for a largeinversion within chromosome 14. How would this inversion affectthe interbreeding between the two populations? Could such aninversion play an important role in speciation?
WHAT IF? List all gametes thatcould be made by a pea plantheterozygous for seed color, seedshape, and pod shape (YyRrIi; seeTable 14.1). How large a Punnettsquare would you need to drawto predict the offspring of a selfpollination of this “trihybrid”?
please help solve all of them! a) If the Ho+ allele is at a frequency of 10% in 1,000 newborn males, what is the expected number of males (at birth) with each genotype? b) How many of the males of each genotype (from part a) survive to adulthood? c) Of the males that survive to adulthood (from part b), how many offspring do you expect each genotype to contribute to the next generation? d) What is the expected frequency of the Ho+ allele in the the offspring born in the next generation (from part c). e) What is the expected equilibrium frequency of the two alleles given the fitness values shown in the table above and then what is the marginal fitness of the two alleles at the equilibrium frequency?
Different populations of the tiny freshwater snails pictured in FIGURE 12.1 reproduce sexually, or asexually. Individuals of the sexual populations are diploid; those in asexual populations are diploid (3n, having three sets of chromosomes). Huge populations of asexual snails are disrupting ecosystems worldwide. Fertilizers and detergents contain a lot of phosphorus. So does DNA. Explain why you might expect to find more sexual snail populations in an unpolluted river, and more asexual ones in a river polluted by agricultural and urban runoff.
EVOLUTION CONNECTION Crossing over is thought to beevolutionarily advantageous because it continually shufflesgenetic alleles into novel combinations. Until recently, it wasthought that the genes on the Y chromosome might degenerate because they lack homologous genes on the X chromosomewith which to pair up prior to crossing over. However, when theY chromosome was sequenced, eight large regions were foundto be internally homologous to each other, and quite a few ofthe 78 genes represent duplicates. (Y chromosome researcherDavid Page has called it a “hall of mirrors.”) Explain what mightbe a benefit of these regions.