VHL ceases to induce the degradation of HIF-1α under which of the following conditions?      A. Hypoxia       B. Ionizing radiation    C. Hyperoxia     D. UV radiation

Q: Addition of which of the following components to any C3 convertase leads to the formation of C5…

A: The innate immune system is the body's first line of defence against foreign invaders. It is a…

Q: Cytotoxic T lymphocytes are distinguished from other lymphocytes by the presence of O CD4 O CD8 O…

A: A lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell. Blood contains many types of cells: white blood cells…

Q: IFN mediate their activity by a. Establishing antiviral state b. Down regulating the expression of…

A: Answer is option c

Q: Developing B cells that fail to make productive D to J heavy-chain rearrangements on both homologous…

A: B cells get matured in the bone marrow or in the lymph node. Mature B cells express antibodies on…

Q: Define the following terms:a. SAMb. SAHc. THFd. homocysteinee. one-carbon metabolism

A: Introduction- Biomolecules can be found in a biological system in a wide range of sizes in which…

Q: What are the differences in terms of structure and ligand-binding interactions? What are the…

A: GPCRs are a type of transmembrane receptor that consists of seven transmembrane helices that…

Q: 55. One week after a cadaveric kidney allograft, a 45-year-old man develops a fever. He has a…

A: Introduction:-  IL-2 receptor (CD25) is a marker of T cell activation, and its expression is…

Q: Misfolded proteins are involved in four of the five following diseases. Select the exception.

A: A protein is considered to be misfolded if it cannot achieve its normal native state. This can be…

Q: 48. Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder where the tear duct glands are no longer producing…

A: • Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder where the body's immune system attacks the…

Q: Which of the following classes of oncogenes would likely be druggable with a small molecule (select…

A: Oncogenes are genes that have the potential to cause cancer. They can be found in normal cells and…

Q: In the laboratory you observe that IL-4 stimulates the proliferation of B cells, cytotoxic T cells…

A: Introduction: Cytokines are a group of proteins that serve as chemical messengers and are secreted…

Q: 39. HIV could be used to cure Kaposi’s sarcoma by  a. causing the cells to express exogenous surface…

A: HIV is stands for human immunodeficiency virus. This is type of retroviral infection transfer…

Q: Activation of which 3 proteins would inhibit mTOR?  a. AMPK b. TSC c. PKA d. PTEN e. Akt

A: The mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway is a crucial signaling pathway involved in…

Q: Doxorubicin is a chemotherapeutic drug with an IC50 in MCF7 breast cancer cells of 0.01 microM.…

A: Doxorubicin is an antineoplastic agent sold under the brand name called Adriamycin. It is mainly…

Q: ADAM33 metalloproteinase inhibitors are sometimes co-administered with anti-tumor monoclonal…

A: A metalloproteinase is also known as metalloprotease. It is a type of protease enzyme that requires…

Q: 45. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK)s are the high-affinity cell surface receptors for many…

A: The correct statements are: Option d. Only A, B and D.

Q: Explain the overexpression of a protein that binds to the Fas ligand contributes to the survival of…

A: A  transmembrane protein called Fas ligand is found on the surface of lymphocyte cells. It binds to…

Q: The head of the oncology divison of a large biotech company proposes to develop a therapeutic…

A: For cancer treatment, there are several options. The treatment a patient receives depends on the…

Q: An enzyme is known to transport lactose into the cell. Answer: Mutations in CFTR gene can cause O a.…

A: Introduction: Enzymes are proteins that serve as biocatalysts. They enhance the rate of reactions…

Q: Which of the following conditions is example of type 3 hypersensitivity reaction? a. Lupus b.…

A: Type 3 hypersensitivity Reaction: Type 3 hypersensitivity is also known as immune complex-mediated…

Q: Distinguish between What is known of CD105 (endoglin) as an hepatcellular carcinoma marker and it’s…

A: There are few points that should kept in mind : A molecular or DNA marker is defined as a…

Q: *2.97 Exposure to 50 rem of radiation can cause nausea and a temporary drop in the white blood cell…

A: a) To convert 50 rem into seiverts (Sv) 1rem = 0.01 Sv So, 50 rem = 0.01 Sv1 rem×50 rem =0.5 Sv

Q: Antigen A of blood group A contains H-antigen attached to N-acetyl galactosamine Rhamnose Fucose…

A: Antigens are the substances present in the blood which helps in the production of antibodies against…

Q: RAE1 molecules are expressed by stressed cells, including some tumor cells. What would be the…

A: RAE1 (Retinoic acid early inducible 1) is a protein that is expressed by stressed cells, including…

Q: 20.23 please

A: Retrovir (zidovudine, additionally referred to as AZT) was first studied as an anti-most cancers…

Q: PBR327 is descended from PBR322. Explain TWO (2) advantages of using PBR327.

A: pBR327 vectors are created by deleting nucleotides between 1427 and 2516 from pBR322. Those…

Q: Define the following terms: a. ghrelin b. PYY c. CCK d. GLP-1 e. incretin

A: Hormones are chemical substances, which acts as a signal molecule that regulate the cellular…

Q: Select all of the statements that apply to transcytosis. A. Transfers dimeric IgG B. Transfers…

A: Introduction :- Transcytosis is the process by which a ligand is taken up by a receptor on one side…

Q: Why is type AB considered a universal acceptor of blood from donors? A. Type AB erythrocyte membrane…

A: The plasma membrane of red blood cells (RBCs) or erythrocytes contain many antigens. Based on the…

Q: . Why is HIV resistant to vaccines?

A: As per Bartleby's answering policy, we can answer only one question and a maximum of three subparts…

Q: What is the relationship between Warburg effect and oncogenesis? Explain why cancer cells have…

A: Chemoresistance itself has been associated with increases in hexokinase (HK) behaviour due to the…

Q: Which of the following is not a feature of the Bohr effect? Group of answer choices A. a histidine…

A: The Bohr effect is a physiological phenomenon first described by Christian Bohr in 1904. It refers…

Q: Vitamin- derived coenzymes: A. NAD/ NADP B. FAD/ FMN C. THF D. All of the above  The following…

A: Coenzymes are the non protein organic molecules that help the enzyme to catalyse the biochemical…

Q: All of the following are characteristic of mannose-binding lectin except Select one: a. acts as an…

A: Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a soluble protein that is produced by the liver and circulates in…

Q: Which of the following result do you expect to see from your experiment, and what problem you may…

A: Immunity is the term used for the ability of our body to fight against pathogens. Immunity is of two…

Q: Which factor binds to the C3 convertase to form the C5 convertase for all three pathways     A. C3a…

A: Compliment system is the way to destroy antigen by activating some compliment protein found in the…

Q: Please outline the general steps you would take to test your hypothesis that SIN-47 works by…

A: Hypothesis: SIN-47 works by disrupting the interaction between LEK2 and JAK4.

Q: A patient with a liver dysfunction has shown extremely high levels of bilirubin. Which of the…

A: Liver dysfunction: Liver dysfunction is a pathophysiological condition of the liver where the liver…

Q: Portions of the cytoplasmic domain of many immune system receptors are targets for phosphorylation.…

A: Immunoglobulins are protein molecules with a variable and a constant region. The variable region is…

Q: SR256 is an investigational cholesterol-lowering agent. SR256 has a high molecular weight and…

A: SR 256 is the mono functional monomer. It is helpful in many applications such as PVC floor, metal,…

Q: All of the following are characteristics of defensins except:     A. There are two classes of…

A: Plants are exposed to different variety of pests and pathogens in nature. It has developed various…

Q: Which of the following red cells will react strongest with anti-H? O a. A2 red cells O b. O red…

A: H antigen is present on RBCs. It acts as precursor for ABO blood group system. Modification of H…

Q: Which of the following is true regarding folate/folic acid: a.Intakes below recommended dietary…

A: Folic acid is B family Vitamin which  aids in the formation of healthy new cells in the body. Folic…

Q: Complexes of IgG bound to soluble multivalent antigens can activate the classical pathway on the…

A: Introduction :- One of three mechanisms that activate the complement system, a component of the…

Q: Which of the following statements best explains why the immune system can continue to make…

A: Rituximab is a medication that will be mostly used for treating rheumatoid arthritis as well as…