Various antimicrobial drugs to treat microbial infection have diverse mechanism of action. Consider the following antimicrobial drugs: A. Seconeolitsine, known as DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor in bacteria. (i) Explain briefly how inhibiting DNA topoisomerase I is a good mechanism of action for an antibiotic, include possible molecular machineries being targeted. (ii) What would be an appropriate response if seconeolitsine works well by stating the state of supercoiling in bacteria. (iii) To prove your answer (ii), you test the condition of bacterial DNA by running gel electrophoresis, one has been treated with seconeolitsine (+ sample) and the other one is not (- sample). Explain the position of each + sample and – sample band on the gel in reference to the point of origin (where you load your samples) or how far each DNA sample travel across agarose gel.
Various antimicrobial drugs to treat microbial infection have diverse mechanism of action. Consider the following antimicrobial drugs:
A. Seconeolitsine, known as DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor in bacteria.
(i) Explain briefly how inhibiting DNA topoisomerase I is a good mechanism of action for an antibiotic, include possible molecular machineries being targeted.
(ii) What would be an appropriate response if seconeolitsine works well by stating the state of supercoiling in bacteria.
(iii) To prove your answer (ii), you test the condition of bacterial DNA by running gel electrophoresis, one has been treated with seconeolitsine (+ sample) and the other one is not (- sample). Explain the position of each + sample and – sample band on the gel in reference to the point of origin (where you load your samples) or how far each DNA sample travel across agarose gel.
(iv) Explain why you would expect answer (iii) for each + sample and – sample.
B. Azidothymidine is Thymidine analog used to inhibit viral reverse transcriptase. Explain the application of this nucleoside analog as antiviral drug and how it affects reverse transcription and therefore block the ability of the virus to hijack the host cell.
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