Use your knowledge of population growth models to evaluate the spread of Covid-19 in the world population. How would you characterize this type of growth? Consider growth the increase/decrease in the number of cases per a certain amount of time (day or week).
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Use your knowledge of population growth models to evaluate the spread of Covid-19 in the world population. How would you characterize this type of growth? Consider growth the increase/decrease in the number of cases per a certain amount of time (day or week).
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- If the incidence rate of a very serious disease is 25/100,000 person-years and the prevalence of this disease in the population is 75/100,000, what is the average survival time of individuals who contract this disease? [Assume the population is in steady state] * Hint* Formula (D=P/IR)The pesticide DDT was widely used in the 1940s as a method of insect control. In the late 1950s the first DDT-resistant mosquitoes were discovered, and eventually DDT-resistant mosquitoes were found globally. When DDT is used now, the development of DDT resistance in mosquito populations occurs in months rather than years.Which of the following best explains the observations concerning DDT resistance in mosquitoes?* nd 2 chool The proportion of DDT-resistant mosquitoes in a population remains constant due to O the metabolic costs of DDT utilization DDT is a chemical signal that delays normal reproductive cycles in many mosquito populations. Natural selection favors DDT-resistant mosquitoes that are already present in a population when DDT exposure occurs. Competition for limited resources causes mosquitoes to migrate to geographical areas that have richer supplies of DDT. A population of 1.492 finches is intróduced to a rainforest. Over the next year, the finches show a death rate of…The pesticide DDT was widely used in the 1940s as a method of insect control. In the late 1950s the first DDT-resistant mosquitoes were discovered, and eventually DDT-resistant mosquitoes were found globally. When DDT is used now, the development of DDT resistance in mosquito populations occurs in months rather than years.Which of the following best explains the observations concerning DDT resistance in mosquitoes? a) The proportion of DDT-resistant mosquitoes in a population remains constant due to the metabolic costs of DDT utilization b) Natural selection favors DDT-resistant mosquitoes that are already present in a population when DDT exposure occurs. c) DDT is a chemical signal that delays normal reproductive cycles in many mosquito populations. d) Competition for limited resources causes mosquitoes to migrate to geographical areas that have richer supplies of DDT.
- A population with three life-stages separated by 3 years is modelled by a Leslie matrix, resulting in these predictions. The x-axis shows the number of time steps in the vector dynamics from the Leslie matrix multiplication. How many years before the long-term dynamics take over? a) 0 b) 2 c) 5 d) 15 What is the long term prediction for this population? a) decreases to zero b) anything could happen c) increases to infinity d) stable If the population started with many more animals and in different proportions from each life stage, would the prediction be the same or different? If the population started with many more animals and in different proportions from each life stage, in the long term dynamics what would be the ratio of newborns (stage 1) to youths (stage 2) to adults (stage 3). a) about 1 to 1 to 1 b) about 4 to 2 to 1 c) about 6 to 3 to 1 d) no way to judge===================================Which of the following sentences is not true: a.Incidence rates describe the occurrence of new cases of a disease or condition in a community over a period of time relative to the size of the population at risk at the same time period. b.Mortality rates, or rates of illness, in public health are incidence and prevalence rates. c.A prevalence rate is the number of all cases of a specific disease or condition in a population at a given point in time relative to the population at the same point in time. Yazed sent Today at 3:04 AMOne factor causing another particular event are more complex than what exist in the epidemiological triangle as Causal relations. a.True. b.False. ======================= (Case finding, Screening, Health education); all of these are ways of Secondary prevention for COVID-19. a.True. b.False.In Population Attributable Risk, what are the equations for It and Pe? When would you use these variables? How do you chose whether or not which value to use?
- The data below represent a cohort of organism “X”, tracked from birth to death. Time period* Number alive at start of period Proportion surviving at start of time interval Deaths during period Rate of mortality during time period "0-1" 432 1.00 390 0.90 "1-2" 42 0.10 29 0.69 "2-3" 13 "3-4" 11 "4-5" 10 "5-6" 9 "6-7" 7 "7-8" 3 "8-9" 0 * Numbers are reported over eight equal sized time periods – these could represent days, weeks, months or years. a) Complete the table by recording survivorship (proportion alive at the start of the time period), the number of deaths and the mortality rate for each time period. For each column you need to ensure you indicate how you performed your calculation (e.g. show one example calculation or provide a formula). b) Plot a survivorship curve for species X using semi-log graph paper. A template sheet has been uploaded to the Problem Set 2 folder. Remember…The data below represent a cohort of organism “X”, tracked from birth to death. Time period* Number alive at start of period Proportion surviving at start of time interval Deaths during period Rate of mortality during time period "0-1" 432 1.00 390 0.90 "1-2" 42 0.10 29 0.69 "2-3" 13 "3-4" 11 "4-5" 10 "5-6" 9 "6-7" 7 "7-8" 3 "8-9" 0 * Numbers are reported over eight equal sized time periods – these could represent days, weeks, months or years. 1.Complete the table by recording survivorship (proportion alive at the start of the time period), the number of deaths and the mortality rate for each time period. For each column you need to ensure you indicate how you performed your calculation (e.g. show one example calculation or provide a formula). 2.Plot a survivorship curve for species X using semi-log graph paper.Remember that survivorship is, by convention, plotted as a proportion of…The following equation is used to calculate the population growth rate, Ro, per generation from a life table. Iy is survival probability from birth to age x and my is fecundity at age x. Ro = Elkm Multiplying ly and my and summing it over all age categories in the life table gives the population growth rate per generation because: Calculating the reproductive output for each age class requires considering the survival probability to that age (a dead individual does not reproduce) and the fecundity at that age by multiplying them with each other. Summing over reproductive output for all age classes gives the total per capita growth rate of the population The fecundity at each age is lower when the survival is higher because of energy constraints. Multiplying probability of survival and fecundity in each age class takes this trade-off into account. Summing over reproductive output for all age classes gives the total per capita growth rate of the population The resulting type of growth…
- What is the Ro for a population with 300 susceptible individuals (S) at time zero, a transmission rate (B) of 0.0020, and and infectious period 3 days? -2.4 0.606 303.002 1.8The pesticide DDT was widely used in the 1940s as a method of insect control. In the late 1950s the first DDT-resistant mosquitoes were discovered, and eventually DDT-resistant mosquitoes were found globally. When DDT is used now, the development of DDT resistance in mosquito populations occurs in months rather than years.Which of the following best explains the observations concerning DDT resistance in mosquitoes? * nd 2 school The proportion of DDT-resistant mosquitoes in a population remains constant due to the metabolic costs of DDT utilization DDT is a chemical signal that delays normal reproductive cycles in many mosquito populations. Natural selection favors DDT-resistant mosquitoes that are already present in a population when DDT exposure occurs. Competition for limited resources causes mosquitoes to migrate to geographical areas that have richer supplies of DDT. A population of 1.492 finches is introduced to a rainforest. Over the next year, the finches showa death rate of…Colony collapse disorder (CCD) is unexplained loss of entire bee colonies that has been occurring in increased numbers across the world. The cause of the disorder is unknown, although it has been suggested that pesticides may play a role. To study this phenomenon, 300 bee colonies at 20 different sites across the U.S. are analyzed. Colonies are classified as having no CCD symptoms (group 1) or as having CCD symptoms (group 2). Bee pollen is isolated from group 1 and group 2 colonies and analyzed for the presence of pesticides. Significantly higher average pesticide levels being found in group 2 colonies, the conclusion of the study states that increasing pesticides use may be leading to the death of bees and a loss of bee colonies in CCD. Does this study have a control group? If so, what is the control group? If not, why not?