Many cells face serious difficulty living in a hypotonic environment and adapt in various ways to prevent cytolysis due to excessive water movement. Plant cell walls are one such adaptation to osmosis. By applying pressure in the form of turgor pressure on the inside of the wall, plants can prevent further movement into the plant and thus avoid cytolysis. A particular plant cell is placed in an open container of water containing a 0.75 M solution of sucrose at 20°C. Calculate the turgor pressure required to allow the plant to be at equilibrium with the environment and prevent water entry into the plant cell.

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Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.