To find the thermal conductivity of a material, the following experimental setup can be prepared. Two long  cylinders that are identical in terms of manufacturing are prepared. One of them is of a known thermal  conductivity value kA while the other is for an unknown material kB. Both cylinders are attached to a heat  sink of a fixed temperature Tb and they are exposed to a fluid (typically ultra-cooled for accuracy purposes).  The temperature measurements are taken along some distance (x1) away from the base. If the first  measurements reads 65 C for a distance (x1) of 12 mm while the second material reads 54 C for the same  distance. What is the thermal conductivity of the second material (B). Knowns: material A is made of copper. k = 390 W/m.k. Tb = 130 C, Tinf = 12 C.

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Conduction and Convection

When energy travels from one object to another it is said to have undergone heat transfer. Heat transfer is nothing but the transfer of thermal energy or internal energy from one thing to another, like e.g., when a vessel with water, kept on top of a burner, heats up because of the flame underneath it.