This is a graph of the expected frequency of a deleterious allele, with a constant mutation rate, within a population at different levels of selection against it. 0.000012 0.00001 0.000008 0.000006 0.000004 0.000002 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 H = 10 i) What is the overall trend shown? ii) What is the mutation-selection balance? iii) The formula for the equilibrium frequency of a deleterious allele within a population is p^=u/s where u is the mutation rate and s is the selection coefficient. Using the relationships illustrated by this formula, determine the following for a population with two deleterious alleles A and B: a) If A has a high mutation rate and low selection coefficient, and B has a low mutation rate and a medium selection coefficient, which would deleterious allele would be expected to be seen in higher frequency? b) If both A and B have a similar selection coefficient, but B is seen at a higher frequency than A, which allele likely has the highest mutation rate? c) If both A and B have the same mutation rate, but A is seen in higher frequency than B, which allele has the highest selection coefficient?
Evolutionary Genetics
Evolution is known as continuous changes that occur to adjust organisms in their changing environment over many generations. Various theories have been proposed to illustrate the origin of life and organic evolution. The most accepted one is the theory of natural selection by Charles Darwin. According to his postulate, organisms undergo a struggle for existence due to overproduction. To survive in nature, they acquire variations. The inheritable variations are selected by nature, and it leads to the survival of the fittest.
Phenotype Frequency
The majority of populations have a certain degree of variation in their genetic pools. Scientists can predict the genetic variation happening over time by measuring the amount of genetic variation in a population and these predictions assist them in gaining important insights into the processes that allow organisms to adapt to the environment or to develop into new species over generations. This process is referred to as the process of evolution.
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium
The frequencies of allele and genotype were maintained constant from one generation to another due to the absence of other evolutionary forces. It is otherwise called the Hardy Weinberg principle the field of population genetics.
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