Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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- Four liquids are described in the table below. Use the second column of the table to explain the order of their freezing points, and the third column to explain the order of their boiling points. For example, select '1' in the second column next to the liquid with the lowest freezing point. Select '2' in the second column next to the liquid with the next higher freezing point, and so on. In the third column, select '1' next to the liquid with the lowest boiling point, '2' next to the liquid with the next higher boiling point, and so on. Note: the density of water is 1.00 g/mL. solution 2.2 g of ethylene glycol (C₂H602) dissolved in 200. mL of water 2.2 g of sucrose (C12H22011) dissolved in 200. mL of water 2.2 g of potassium nitrate (KNO3) dissolved in 200. mL of water 200. mL of pure water freezing point (choose one) (choose one) (choose one) (choose one) X boiling point (choose one) (choose one) O (choose one) (choose one)arrow_forwardREFER TO IMAGEarrow_forwardUse the observation in the first column to answer the question in the second column. observation At 1 atm pressure, Substance E boils at 11. °C and Substance F boils at 30. °C. At 37 °C, Substance C has a vapor pressure of 89. torr and Substance D has a vapor pressure of 79. torr. The enthalpy of vaporization of Substance A is smaller than that of Substance B. question Which has a higher vapor pressure? Substance E Substance F Neither, E and F have the same vapor pressure. It's impossible to know without more information. Which has a higher enthalpy of vaporization? Substance C Substance D Neither, C and D have the same enthalpy of vaporization. It's impossible to know without more information. At any temperature where both substances are liquid, which has the higher vapor pressure? Substance A Substance B Neither, A and B have the same vapor pressure. It's impossible to know without more information. X Śarrow_forward
- Study the following phase diagram of Substance X. pressure (atm) 24 solid 100 liquid 200 temperature (K) Use this diagram to answer the following questions. a gas 300 Suppose a small sample of pure X is held at -12. °C and 12.0 atm. What will be the state of the sample? Suppose the temperature is held constant at -12. °C but the pressure is decreased by 6 atm. What will happen to the sample? Suppose a small sample of pure X is held at -12. °C and 12.0 atm. What will be the state of the sample? Suppose the temperature is held constant at -12. °C but the pressure is decreased by 6 atm. What will happen to the sample? Suppose, on the other hand, the pressure is held constant at 12.0 atm but the temperature is decreased by 116. °C. What will happen to the sample? (choose one) (choose one) (choose one) (choose one) (choose one)arrow_forwardAn unknown substance has a boiling point of 174°C. Which statement is true about this unknown substance? It has a lower boiling point than water, and it likely has stronger electrostatic forces between its molecules than water. It has a higher boiling point than water, and it likely has stronger electrostatic forces between its molecules than water. It has a higher boiling point than water, and it likely has weaker electrostatic forces between its molecules than water. It has a lower boiling point than water, and it likely has weaker electrostatic forces between its molecules than water Type here to searcharrow_forwardThis graph shows how the vapor pressure of three liquids varies with temperature: vapor pressure, torr 900- 800- 700- 600 500 400. 300 200 100. 0+ 100 130 temperature, °C Use the graph to answer the following questions: 110 120 Which liquid is the most volatile? Which is the least volatile? What is the normal boiling point of each liquid? Note: your answer must be within 1°C of the exact answer to be Suppose a beaker of isobutyl alcohol is put inside a sealed tank containing isobutyl alcohol gas at 106. degree C and 701. torr. After ten minutes, will there be more liquid in the beaker, less liquid, or the same amount? ▪ethylbenzene - isobutyl alcohol orthoxylene 140 most volatile: least volatile: ethylbenzene: isobutyl alcohol: orthoxylene: more less the same ✓ choose one ethylbenzene isobutyl alcohol orthoxylene °C °Carrow_forward
- This graph shows how the vapor pressure of three liquids varies with temperature: vapor pressure, torr 900- 800 700 600- 500 400- 3001 200 1002 0. 100 110 120 Which liquid is the most volatile? Which is the least volatile? 130 temperature, °C Use the graph to answer the following questions: What is the normal boiling point of each liquid? Note: your answer must be within 1°C of the exact answer to be -ethylbenzene -acetic acid pyrrole Suppose a beaker of acetic acid is put inside a sealed tank containing acetic acid gas at 104. degree C and 478. torr. After ten minutes, will there be more liquid in the beaker, less liquid, or the same amount? 140 most volatile: least volatile: ethylbenzene: acetic acid: pyrrole: O more O less O the same choose one choose one °C 0 °℃ °℃ X ✪ ✪arrow_forwardCompare the TWO structures represented below: 0=S=0 Molecule A Molecule B a. Molecule A has a boiling point of -60 °C and Molecule B has a boiling point of -10 °C. Write 3 sentences to explain this difference in terms of the intermolecular forces that exist between the molecules in each pure substance (you might draw structural diagrams to support your explanation). b. Calculate the enthalpy of vaporization (AvapH) for Molecule A using the following experimental data: the vapour pressure is measured to be 6000 kPa at 75 °C and is 8800 kPa at 95 °C. H-S-Harrow_forwardFour liquids are described in the table below. Use the second column of the table to explain the order of their freezing points, and the third column to explain the order of their boiling points. For example, select '1' in the second column next to the liquid with the lowest freezing point. Select '2' in the second column next to the liquid with the next higher freezing point, and so on. In the third column, select '1' next to the liquid with the lowest boiling point, '2' next to the liquid with the next higher boiling point, and so on. Note: the density of water is 1.00 g/mL. solution freezing point boiling point 2.0 g of ethylene glycol (C2H602) dissolved in 300. mL of water (choose one) (choose one) 2.0 g of potassium acetate (KCH3CO2) dissolved in 300. mL of water (choose one) (choose one) 2.0 g of glucose (C6H1206) dissolved in 300. mL of water (choose one) (choose one) 300. mL of pure water (choose one) (choose one)arrow_forward
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