This exercise points to a clear policy dilemma. A fiscal contraction may have desirable long-run effect on output and living standards, but the short-run effects are output and gap.
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- Which of the following could NOT be contractionary fiscal policy tool? OA) decreasing government expenditure OB)decreasing taxes Oc) decreasing transfer paymentsExhibit: Fiscal Policy 2 Price level рк O P Fr P LRAS AD₁ SRASI Real GDP per year If discretionary fiscal policy is used to eliminate the gap, policy actions will shift the short-run aggregate supply curve to the left until long-run equilibrium is restored at a price level, P, and output level, Yp. shift the aggregate demand curve to the left until long-run equilibrium is restored at a price level, P, and output level, Yp. shift the aggregate demand curve to the left until long-run equilibrium is restored at a price level, P, and output level, Yp. shift the aggregate demand curve and the short-run aggregate supply curve to the left until long-run equilibrium is restored at a price level Pk and output level, Yp.Draw and AS-AD model of an economy suffering from unemployment. What is one fiscal policy that can be implemented to close this gap? Draw the effect of that policy?Explain how the model returns to long-run equilibrium if the government does not intervene.
- Explain, using the AD‐AS model, how the South African Government can use fiscal policy as a tool to recover from the negative effects of this COVID‐19 pandemic.Your answer must include the following:The description of the type of fiscal policy requiredAn explanation of how the implementation of this tool will work their waythrough the economy to achieve the desired effect;The AD‐AS graph showing the implications of your recommendations.How do the instances when expansionary fiscal policy should be used compare with those for contractionary fiscal policy? Expansionary fiscal policy should be used during recessions to help build the economy and contractionary fiscal policy should be used when there is high inflation. Expansionary fiscal policy should be used to increase government revenue and contractionary fiscal policy should be used to increase consumer spending. Expansionary fiscal policy should be used to combat high inflation and contractionary fiscal policy should be used to increase government revenue. Expansionary fiscal policy should be used to decrease the unemployment rate and contractionary fiscal policy should be used when economic growth is too fast.The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) for this econamy is . and the spending multiplier for this economy is Suppose the govemment in this economy decides to decrease govemment purchases by $250 bilion. The decrease in government purchases will lead to a decrease in income, generating an initial change in consumption equal to second change in consumption equal to This decreases income yet again, causing a The total change in demand resulting from the initial change in government spending is The following graph shows the aggregate demand curve (AD ) for this economy before the change in govemment spending. Use the green line (trangie symbol) to plot the new aggregate demand curve (AD:) after the multiplier effect takes place. For simplioity, assume that there is no "crowding out." Hint: Be sure that the new aggregate demand curve (AD) is paralel to the initial aggregate demand curve (AD). You can see the slope of AD by selecting t on the graph. 540 AD. AD, 130 100 OUTPUT (Tions of…
- Which of the following statements about Fiscal Policy is INCORRECT? choose the correct answer(a) In order to combat inflation, the South African Reserve Bank must apply acontractionary fiscal policy;(b) A contractionary fiscal policy can result in higher levels of unemployment; (c) Expansionary fiscal policy will increase the budget deficit; (d) The application of fiscal policy will have no effect on aggregate supply in theAD‐AS modelQ) In case of DEFLATION, mention that which particular type of fiscal policy will be used and why and either each fiscal policy tool will be increased or decreased. Explanation and reasoning for each tool and its working separately is must.Draw an AS-AD model of an economy dealing with an inflationary gap. What is one fiscal policy that can be implemented to close this gap? Draw the effect of that policy. Explain how the model returns to long run equilibrium if the government does not intervene.
- EXPANSIONARY FISCAL POLICY 20% GOVERNMENT SPENDING 80% TAKATION Gvemme Spnding Taationmater than pter than tation apud How will Expansionary Fiscal Policy affect the Federal Budget? A budget surplus will decrease the national debt Deficit spending will decrease the national debt Deficit spending will increase the national debt A budget surplus will increase the national debtThe graph below depicts an economy where a decline in aggregate demand has caused a recession. Assume the government decides to conduct fiscal policy by changing taxes to reduce the burden of this recession. Fiscal Policy Instructions: Enter your answer as a whole number. If you are entering a negatlve number Include a minus sign. a. How much does aggregate demand need to change to restore the economy to its long-run equilibrilum? $, billion b. If the MPC is 0.6 , how much do taxes need to change to shift aggregate demand by the amount you found in part a? $, billion Suppose Instead that the MPC is 0.8 . c. How much does aggregate demand and taxes need to change to restore the economy to Its long-run equilibrlum? Aggregate demand needs to change by $ billion and taxes need to change by $ billion.Which of the following statements about Fiscal Policy is INCORRECT?(a) In order to combat inflation, the South African Reserve Bank must apply acontractionary fiscal policy;(b) A contractionary fiscal policy can result in higher levels of unemployment; (c) Expansionary fiscal policy will increase the budget deficit; (d) The application of fiscal policy will have no effect on aggregate supply in the AD‐AS model.