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The questions below refer to the fatty acids shown here: 1 2 3 OH 4 HO.

The questions below refer to the fatty acids shown here: 1 2 3 OH 4 HO.

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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The image presents four different fatty acid structures, labeled 1 through 4. Each structure includes carbon chains with different arrangements of single and double bonds. Here's a detailed description: 1. **Fatty Acid 1**: This structure consists of a long carbon chain with a single double bond located centrally (indicative of a monounsaturated fatty acid). The chain ends with a carboxyl group (–COOH). 2. **Fatty Acid 2**: This structure features a completely saturated carbon chain (all single bonds between carbon atoms), terminating with a carboxyl group. This represents a saturated fatty acid. 3. **Fatty Acid 3**: This structure contains a carbon chain with two double bonds, making it a polyunsaturated fatty acid. The double bonds are separated by a single methylene group. 4. **Fatty Acid 4**: This structure includes a carbon chain with three double bonds, indicating a polyunsaturated fatty acid with multiple sites of unsaturation. Again, the chain ends with a carboxyl group. Each diagram highlights the carboxyl group (attached to one end) common to all fatty acids. The presence and arrangement of double bonds affect the physical and chemical properties of these fatty acids.
Transcribed Image Text:The image presents four different fatty acid structures, labeled 1 through 4. Each structure includes carbon chains with different arrangements of single and double bonds. Here's a detailed description: 1. **Fatty Acid 1**: This structure consists of a long carbon chain with a single double bond located centrally (indicative of a monounsaturated fatty acid). The chain ends with a carboxyl group (–COOH). 2. **Fatty Acid 2**: This structure features a completely saturated carbon chain (all single bonds between carbon atoms), terminating with a carboxyl group. This represents a saturated fatty acid. 3. **Fatty Acid 3**: This structure contains a carbon chain with two double bonds, making it a polyunsaturated fatty acid. The double bonds are separated by a single methylene group. 4. **Fatty Acid 4**: This structure includes a carbon chain with three double bonds, indicating a polyunsaturated fatty acid with multiple sites of unsaturation. Again, the chain ends with a carboxyl group. Each diagram highlights the carboxyl group (attached to one end) common to all fatty acids. The presence and arrangement of double bonds affect the physical and chemical properties of these fatty acids.
**Question:** (b) Which fatty acid shown best matches each description: - _____ omega-3 fatty acid - _____ highest melting temperature - _____ lowest melting temperature **Explanation:** This question refers to a set of fatty acids, requiring identification of characteristics such as being an omega-3 fatty acid, as well as determining which has the highest and lowest melting temperatures. An omega-3 fatty acid is typically characterized by having a double bond on the third carbon from the end of its molecular chain. The melting temperature of a fatty acid depends on its saturation; saturated fatty acids usually have higher melting points, while unsaturated fatty acids, particularly those with multiple double bonds, often have lower melting points.
Transcribed Image Text:**Question:** (b) Which fatty acid shown best matches each description: - _____ omega-3 fatty acid - _____ highest melting temperature - _____ lowest melting temperature **Explanation:** This question refers to a set of fatty acids, requiring identification of characteristics such as being an omega-3 fatty acid, as well as determining which has the highest and lowest melting temperatures. An omega-3 fatty acid is typically characterized by having a double bond on the third carbon from the end of its molecular chain. The melting temperature of a fatty acid depends on its saturation; saturated fatty acids usually have higher melting points, while unsaturated fatty acids, particularly those with multiple double bonds, often have lower melting points.
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