8. Monetary policy and the Phillips curveThe following graph plots the short-run Phillips curve for a hypothetical economy. The given point on the graph indicates the initial rates ofunemployment and inflation. Assume that the economy is currently in long-run equilibrium.Suppose the central bank of the hypothetical economy decides to decrease the money supply.On the following graph, shift the curve or drag the blue point along the curve, or do both, to show the short-run effects of this policy.Hint: You may assume that the central bank's move was unanticipated.INFLATION RATE (Percent)52INFLATION RATE (Percent)10650103In the short run, an unexpected decrease in the money supply results inunemployment rate.09612UNEMPLOYMENT RATE (Percent)3SR Phillips CurveOn the following graph, shift the curve or drag the blue point along the curve, or do both, to show the long-run effects of the decrease in the moneysupply.O6UNEMPLOYMENT RATE (Percent)915121815In the long run, the decrease in the money supply results in(relative to the economy's initial equilibrium).SR Phillips Curve18-O(?)(?)in the inflation rate andin thein the inflation rate andin the unemployment rate

The following graph plots the short-run Phillips curve for a hypothetical economy. The given point on the graph indicates the initial rates of unemployment and inflation. Assume that the economy is currently in long-run equilibrium. Suppose the central bank of the hypothetical economy decides to decrease the money supply. On the following graph, shift the curve or drag the blue point along the curve, or do both, to show the short-run effects of this policy. Hint: You may assume that the central bank's move was unanticipated. INFLATION RATE (Percent) 5 1 INFLATION RATE (Percent) 0 6 5 0 1 0 3 In the short run, an unexpected decrease in the money supply results in unemployment rate. 0 6 12 UNEMPLOYMENT RATE (Percent) 9 3 SR Phillips Curve On the following graph, shift the curve or drag the blue point along the curve, or do both, to show the long-run effects of the decrease in the money supply. 9 15 6 12 UNEMPLOYMENT RATE (Percent) 18 15 In the long run, the decrease in the money supply results in (relative to the economy's initial equilibrium). SR Phillips Curve 18 (?) (?) in the inflation rate and in the in the inflation rate and in the unemployment rate

The following graph plots the short-run Phillips curve for a hypothetical economy. The given point on the graph indicates the initial rates of unemployment and inflation. Assume that the economy is currently in long-run equilibrium. Suppose the central bank of the hypothetical economy decides to decrease the money supply. On the following graph, shift the curve or drag the blue point along the curve, or do both, to show the short-run effects of this policy. Hint: You may assume that the central bank's move was unanticipated. INFLATION RATE (Percent) 5 1 INFLATION RATE (Percent) 0 6 5 0 1 0 3 In the short run, an unexpected decrease in the money supply results in unemployment rate. 0 6 12 UNEMPLOYMENT RATE (Percent) 9 3 SR Phillips Curve On the following graph, shift the curve or drag the blue point along the curve, or do both, to show the long-run effects of the decrease in the money supply. 9 15 6 12 UNEMPLOYMENT RATE (Percent) 18 15 In the long run, the decrease in the money supply results in (relative to the economy's initial equilibrium). SR Phillips Curve 18 (?) (?) in the inflation rate and in the in the inflation rate and in the unemployment rate

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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If the current inflation rate is 10% and you are asked to predict the cost of decreasing it to 3% next year. 1)Will it result deflation policy or a disinflation policy? Why? 2) Give an estimate of the cost in terms of output assuming the sacrifice ratio is 4 and explain the economic cost of reducing inflation by drawing the Phillips curve. 3) If an economist says computing the cost of this policy using the sacrifice ratio is not totally correct because people are rational and they will take the new policy into account when forming expectations about the future. Explain this statement and the reason behind it by showing what happens the Phillips curve 4)if people update their expectations about the future instantaneously. How costly would it be to reduce inflation if the adjustment in expectations occurs instantaneously?
Assume an imaginary country called Narnia. Firms in this country heavily rely on natural gas as a raw material to produce the final output. Assume a sudden fall in the price of natural gas. This shock is an event that directly affects firms' costs of production and thus the price that they charge. Describe the effects of this shock on the aggregate supply curve and on the Phillips curve of the economy of Narnia. Use a diagrammatic analysis to provide your answer.
MA4. 13. If the equation for a country's Phillips curve is π = 0.05 – 0.8(u – 0.05), where π is the rate of inflation and u is the unemployment rate, what is the short-run inflation rate when unemployment is 3 percent (0.03)? A) .066 B) -.056 C) -.066 D) .056 11. The aggregate supply equation is Y = Y + α(P – EP). Assume that Y is 2,000, α = 200, P = 1.12 and EP = 1.00. What is the value of Y? A) 2,232 B) 2,024 C) 2,400 D) 2,012 9. If policymakers announce in advance how policy will respond to various situations but then renege on their announcements, this a problem of: A) policy by rule. B) policy by discretion. C) time inconsistency of policy. D) monetary policy. 10. According to the sticky-price model, output will be above the natural level if: A) firms expect a high price level and the demand for goods is high. B) the proportion of firms with flexible prices equals the proportion of firms with sticky prices. C) the price level is above the…
Phillips Curve Question: The Phillips Curve illustrates the relationship between: A) Inflation and government spending B) Inflation and unemployment C) Interest rates and inflation D) Economic growth and inflation
Using what you know about the Phillips curve, determine whether the following quantities will increase, decrease, or remain the same. a. Unemployment in the short run after an increase in inflation: (Click to select) v b. Unemployment in the long run after an increase in inflation: (Click to select) v c. Inflation in the short run after a decrease in unemployment: (Click to select) d. Inflation in the long run after a decrease in unemployment: (Click to select) |(Click to select) decrease increase remain the same
As with demand and supply analysis, changes in the economy can cause both shifts of and movements along the short-run Phillips curve. Which of the following would cause a shift of the short-run Phillips curve? Check all that apply. An increase in government spending A decrease in short-run aggregate supply An increase in the expected inflation rate
A well-known economic model called the Phillips curve (discussed in the Keynesian Perspective chapter) describes the short run trade off typically observed between inflation and unemployment. Based on the discussion of expansionary and contraction monetary policy, explain why one of these variables usually falls when the other rises.
Draw a Phillips curve graph here that shows a natural rate of unemployment of 4% and a current inflation rate of 2%. Make sure your lines and axes are labeled and your graph is complete! Use your knowledge of The Phillips Curve to answer the following questions. The threat of future inflation: makes people reluctant to loan money for long periods. makes people eager to loan money for long periods. has no effect on loaning money. increases the value of money paid back in the future. makes people reluctant to borrow money for long periods. According to the short-run Phillips Curve, there is a trade-off between: interest rates and inflation. the growth of the money supply and interest rates. unemployment and economic growth. inflation and unemployment. economic growth and interest rates. Which of the following is true of the long-run Phillips curve? it shows there is a trade-off between unemployment and inflation. it is positively sloped when the inflation rate exceeds…
If we use the simple monetary policy rule R: = F + m(Tt – ñ), and the IS curve equation Yt = ā – b(R¢ – F), and inflation evolving according to the Phillips T +vÝt,with inflation expectations formed using T Curve equation: Tt %3D Tt-1. We observe: D = 0.5 marginal product of capital is 5%, target rate of inflation is 3%, the current rate of inflation is 6%, m = 0.6, b = 0.7: Solve for the rate of inflation at time t+1. Enter you answer in percent rounded to one decimal place, but do not use any % symbol. This means something like 4.3% would just be entered "4.3". Type your answer.
How does the short-run Phillips curve reflect an increase in the price of oil such as occurred in the early 1970s? as a leftward shift in the short-run Phillips curve as a rightward shift in the short-run Phillips curve as a downward movement along the short-run Phillips curve as an upward movement along the short-run Phillips curve
Suppose the Phillips curve in Country A is estimated to be ??=???−0.25(??−?∗?)πt=πte−0.25(ut−ut∗)(supplied in picture) The natural rate of unemployment in the year 2020 equals 3%. Inflation in the year 2020 is expected to be around 1%. The Okun’s coefficient in Country A equals 2. The central bank of Country A is considering three possible monetary policy scenarios for the year 2020. Scenario 1: the central bank performs a monetary contraction, and the inflation rate becomes 0.5%. Scenario 2: the central bank performs a monetary expansion, and the inflation rate becomes 1.5%. Scenario 3: the central bank keeps monetary policy unchanged, and the inflation rate matches expected inflation and equals 1%. For each of these policy scenarios, 1) Determine the corresponding rate of cyclical unemployment in 2020 2) Determine the actual unemployment ??ut that would result in 2020 3) Use Okun’s law to determine the corresponding…
Problem 2. Consider the following Phillips Curve n = En – 0.6(u – 0.05) a) Explain the above Philips Curve briefly. b) Assume that Ex = 0.02. Draw the graph of the Phillips curve. What is the slope of the curve? What are the long-run unemployment rate and the long-run inflation rate? c) Is there any possibility that a government can decrease the inflation rate without any change in the unemployment rate? If yes, how? Explain it. d) Is there any possibility that a government can increase the inflation rate without any change in the unemployment rate? If yes, how? Explain it. e) Considering the Philips Curve as T = 0.02 – 0.6(u – 0.05), and the government announces that it implements an expansionary monetary policy: • el) Describe the Lucas Critique. • e2) Considering the Locus Critique, do you think that the above Philips curve is a good equation to study the relationship between inflation and unemployment? Why? Explain it.