The existence of life is dependents on bioenergetics to overcome the restrictions of thermodynamics. What does the term bioenergetics mean? Provide one well-structured example of how bioenergetics provides the necessary conditions required for life to exist given the restrictions of thermodynamics.

Q: When a protein folds, it forms a more ordered structure. Why does this phenomenon not violate the…

A: According to thermodynamics' second rule, any energy transfer or change increases the universe's…

Q: When energy is absorbed by a molecule, it can trap some of the energy within the molecule by…

A: Introduction a. Conversion of 11-cis form of retinal to the all-trans form of retinal upon exposure…

Q: In the microbial community of the bovine rumen, the actual AG value has been calculated for glucose…

A: Fermentation is an anaerobic metabolic process through which carbohydrates, such as glucose are…

Q: this one represents an endothermic reac the left (beginning of the reaction) is the molecules; once…

A: Every chemical reaction involves energy. Energy is used to break bonds in reactants, and energy is…

Q: You are studying the enzyme Homerase and you notice that the rate of product formation increases as…

A: In order to catalyze a reaction, enzyme will interact with one or more reactant molecules. This…

Q: what is the first and 2nd law of thermodynamics? define and what are the implications of those laws?

A: It is required to define the first and the second law of thermodynamics and write the implication of…

Q: Use the energy graph shown here to define and explain the importance of the following four terms.…

A: Definition of biochemical metabolic pathway of enzymes In biochemistry, a metabolic pathway is a…

Q: The movement of energy between living organisms is a matter of atoms, molecules and compounds being…

A: Introduction : Energy is required for life functions inside every cell of every living being. Energy…

Q: Glycolysis is the process by which energy is harvested from glucose by living things. Several of the…

A: In a general reaction such as: aA + bB ⇌ cC + dD At equilibrium (steady state), the concentration of…

Q: Of the three thermodynamic quantities, enthalpy, free energy, and entropy, which provides the most…

A: A spontaneous reaction is a reaction that favors the formation of products at the conditions under…

Q: Which of the following statements is most directly described by the first law of thermodynamics? A B…

A: First law of thermodynamics is a kind of energy conservation law which states that energy can…

Q: Consider a reaction with the following thermodynamic properties. AH° 77.7 kJ AS° -35.7 J/(K⚫ mol) AG…

A: Step 1: GivenΔHo = 77.7 kJΔSo = -35.7 J/K.molΔGo = 88.4 kJ Step 2:ΔGo = ΔHo - TΔSoSince, reaction…

Q: In terms of potential and kinetic energy where does the energy comes from that allows an enzyme to…

A: Biochemical reactions are the reactions that take place within the cells in all living organisms.…

Q: Many organisms are able to live in extremely cold or hot temperatures, for example, the thermophilic…

A: There are many organisms, such as extremophiles, which live in extreme conditions. For example,…

Q: Why is it not enough to just rely on either thermodynamic data alone ... Or kinetic (rate of…

A: A chemical reaction is a process in which reactants are converted into products under specific…

Q: Can the thermodynamic property Δ G° be used to predict the speed of a reaction in a living organism?…

A: ΔG is the actual free energy. It is a thermodynamic function and is also known as Gibb’s free…

Q: When you eat starchy foods resulting in a breakdown to give glucose to the body, you have induced…

A: Biomolecules are the biological molecules that are present inside the living organisms. These…

Q: 2a) Any chemical reaction in which the free energy of the products is lower than the free energy of…

A: A spontaneous reaction is one that release free energy and moves to a more thermodynamically stable…

Q: Define the following terms: a. hydride ion b. oxidation reaction c. energy d. FAD e. electron…

A: As per the honor code, we answer only three subparts at a time. Therefore we are answering the first…

Q: Imagine you are working in a lab, and you are performing two chemical reactions. Y notice that…

A: First option is correct for this question  Which says activation energy is same while delta G is…

Q: highly negative free energy change in part because the negative charges on the

A: K= [Products] / [Reactants] So here concentration of product is high.  So it's nothing to do with…

Q: 1) From a cellular standpoint, what is the difference between kinetic and potential energy? What is…

A: All living organisms require energy that helps to grow, reproduce and allows to perform all the…

Q: Please show the energetical math for why it is not a violation of the first law, such as by…

A: In the simplest form, this law states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed but can…

Q: What must be true for a process where ΔG> 0?

A: Delta G (∆G) is the Gibbs free energy change, it is the symbol for spontaneity and it is affected by…

Q: What is true about the Gibbs free energy change at equilibrium? O The value of delta G is minimum at…

A: Gibbs free energy is measure the maximum amount of work done in a thermodynamic system when the…

Q: Reactions and Thermodynamics of Glycolysis

A: Third step of glycolysis, fructose-6-phosphate is converted to fructose- 1,6-bisphosphate by…

Q: Consider an enzyme catalyzed reaction taking place in an aqueous solution. If the earlier process of…

A: Enzymes are the biocatalyst that help in the increase in the rate of biochemical reaction. Enzymes…

Q: Substrate cycling does not violate the laws of thermodynamics in making both directions of a…

A: The study of energy and energy transfer in physical matter is known as thermodynamics. A system is…

Q: NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH?

A: Basically NAD+ has two general sets of reactions in the human body helping turn nutrients into…

Q: Under which of the following conditions could a biochemical reaction inside a cell have a positive…

A: Under constant temperature and pressure, the relationship between free energy change of a…

Q: Is the bolded statement TRUE or FALSE? Entropy, enthalpy, and free energy are concepts directly…

A: Free energy is the portion of the total energy change available in a system for doing work. The…

Q: Question 1: Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle both add a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP…

A: Cellular respiration is the process by which the organisms use oxygen to break down the food…

Q: Which of the following statement about the enzyme thermodynamics is TRUE?   a. Enzymes increase…

A: Introduction Enzymes are known as bio-catalyst. All the metabolic reaction of our body is enzyme…

Q: Why the endergonic reactions are thermodynamically unfavorable?Although endergonic reactions are…

A: The endergonic reactions are those in which we need to provide energy from outside and in exergonic…

Q: Unfavorable reactions can proceed through various strategies in metabolism. Which of the following…

A: Thermodynamically unfavorable reactions are those that are not feasible under normal conditions.…

Q: s picture represents quite alot of thermodynamics and metabolism and how they are related. Label…

A: Thermodynamics deals with the heat involved in a certain chemical and biological reaction.

Q: When the product of reaction \\( A \\) becomes the reactant of reaction \\( B \\), the metabolic…

A: Metabolism is the sum of all the chemical changes (anabolism and catabolism) occurring in the cell.…

Q: When phospholipids are dispersed in an aqueous solution, they will often form more ordered…

A: The phospholipids are the principle constituents of the cell membrane.

Q: What Are the Thermodynamic Implicationsof Chemiosmotic Coupling?

A: Chemosmotic coupling denotes the process, which is involved in electron transport and is linked with…

Q: Explain using terms related to equilibrium and free energy why a microorganism that gets its energy…

A: Explanation:    - It's possible that a bacterium that receives its energy via a reaction that…

Abiogenesis