The dissociation constant (Kd) of a receptor is:

Answer the following problem and show your complete solution and explanation for better understanding

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Mr PL was administered Drug A that acts on a particular receptor. Unfortunately, it was given in overdose and produced an adverse effect. Drug B is then administered which blocks that receptor. The effect of drug B results in a reduction in the effect of drug A. Comment on if Drug B is acting competitively (reversibly) or non-competitively (irreversibly)? Provide one suitable clinically relevant example of such interaction.

AAA is a protein found in both the cytosol as well as the nucleus. In its active state, it helps to facilitate the movement of proteins into and out of the nucleus. Specifically, AAA-alpha and AAA-beta binds to receptors on the nucleus and allows for materials to enter or exit through the channels associated with the receptors. They also play a role in dropping off cargo that import and export receptors hold onto. AAA functions are controlled by two other proteins: BBB and CCC. BBB binds onto AAA, while CCC removes BBB from AAA when they are bound. As a result, there is a BBB and CCC concentration gradient that forms between the cytosol and nucleus. During prophase I, is there a concentration gradient for BBB and CCC between the cytosol and the nucleus? Why? Is this also the case during the other phases of meiosis or the cell cycle?

Would you classify NMDA receptors as ionotropic ormetabotropic? Why?

Part A How can an understanding of enzymes and biological receptors guide medicinal chemists? Match the words in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right. Submit an increase will not less more a decrease will Request Answer Reset Help 1. A better understanding of biological processes such as the behavior of enzymes and biological receptors be beneficial for medicinal chemists. Chemists can design drug molecules effectively to resemble biological molecules and their actions. The new medicines and materials can be developed quickly and safely, leading to in both energy usage and cost.

Excitatory neurotransmitters, example acetylcholine, effect firing of action potential.  In contrast, inhibitory neurotransmitters, example, GABA suppresses firing of action potential.   Based on your understanding of ion distribution across the membrane (more Na+ and Cl- outside; more K+ inside) and the mechanism of firing of an action potential, propose a molecular mechanism for the action of a tranquilizer drug -calming effect, example Valium.    what is the most plausible mechanism for Valium and an alternative mechanism?

The dissociation equilibrium constant (Kd) is:_____ (select all that apply) Group of answer choices: Is a measure of ligand efficacy Typically equivalent to 1- Ka The concentration of ligand that gives maximal receptor occupancy The concentration of ligand that gives half-maximal receptor occupancy Measured in 1/M or M-1 Typically measured in mol/L or M A measure of the strength of a ligand - receptor binding reaction

Non-specific interactions present a real challenge to co-IP experiments because non-physiological binding to the target complex is likely to occur. Group of answer choices True False