Task 2: Evaluate the company's efficiency in collecting its accounts receivable during the fiscal year ended 31 December 2021. Use the company's information from its annual reports: Receivables as of 31 December 2020 $4,468,392 Receivables as of 31 December 2021 $4,972,722 Sales revenue for year ended 31 December 2021 $45,349,943 1. Calculate the company's number of days of sales outstanding (DSO) for the fiscal year ended 31 December 2021. (Use the average receivables to calculate the ratio). = 2.37 Accounting receivable = Net Average Day's sales in receivable = 154. 2. Interpret the calculated ratio. 3. Assume that the industry average DSO ratio is 60 days. Based on this information and the subject company's DSO ratio, critically evaluate the company's credit policy and its implications.
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
Accounts Receivables turnover ratio means the number of times a company collects its average accounts receivable balance per year. Accounts receivable turnover ratio is calculated by dividing your net credit sales by your average accounts receivable. The ratio is used to measure how effective a company is at extending credits and collecting debts. Generally, the higher the accounts receivable turnover ratio, the more efficient your business is at collecting credit from your customers.
Average collection period also known as Days of sales outstanding (DSO) is calculated by dividing number of days in a period by accounts receivables turnover ratio. DSO measures the number of days it takes for a business to collect cash from its customers.
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